@article{37c255b616a24ee1be8219fb0fec662c,
title = "The study of isotopic enrichment of water in human plasma and erythrocyte",
abstract = "Life does not sustain without water. For water, there is a natural abundance of stable isotope hydrogen and oxygen. Water molecules get across cell membranes through a plasma membrane protein, named aquaporin. Moreover, the kidney is the main organ to maintain water homeostasis. Here, we study the stable isotopic ratios of hydrogen and oxygen in human blood plasma and erythrocyte corresponding to kidney functions. We extract waters from human plasma and erythrocyte, collected from 110 participants, including 51 clinically stable outpatients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and 59 subjects with normal renal function (NRF). We observed that (i) both extracellular (blood plasma) and intracellular (erythrocyte) biology waters are isotopic differences between the ESRD and NRF participants, (ii) the natural abundance of isotopic waters of ESRD is hypo-isotopic, and (iii) the isotopic enrichment of water between erythrocyte and blood plasma are distinct. In addition, we introduce an empirical formula using entropy transformation to describe isotopic water enrichment for biology. Accordingly, the natural abundance of stable isotope water of blood plasma and erythrocyte may be possibly put in practice a new sign for assessments of kidney dysfunctions.",
keywords = "blood plasma, end-stage renal disease, erythrocyte, stable isotope hydrogen and oxygen, water",
author = "Lin, {Yuan Hau} and Wang, {Ying Chi} and Wu, {Mai Szu} and Lu, {Kuo Cheng} and Lin, {Hsin Yi} and Kuo, {Hsien Shou} and Chang, {Geen Dong} and Lin, {Chun Mao} and Chiaolong Hsiao",
note = "Funding Information: The authors thank Loren Williams from Georgia Tech, Shawn McGlynn from Tokyo Institute of Technology, and JC Lin from National Taiwan University for helpful discussions. The authors thank SW Lin from Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica for assistance of using inverted microscope for cell imaging. The authors thank the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (MOST‐105‐2628‐B‐002‐020‐MY3, MOST 108‐2628‐B‐002‐012–), and the National Taiwan University (NTU‐109L7729) supported this work. Funding Information: The authors thank Loren Williams from Georgia Tech, Shawn McGlynn from Tokyo Institute of Technology, and JC Lin from National Taiwan University for helpful discussions. The authors thank SW Lin from Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica for assistance of using inverted microscope for cell imaging. The authors thank the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (MOST-105-2628-B-002-020-MY3, MOST 108-2628-B-002-012?), and the National Taiwan University (NTU-109L7729) supported this work. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 The Authors. The FASEB Journal published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology",
year = "2020",
month = sep,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1096/fj.202000388RR",
language = "English",
volume = "34",
pages = "13049--13062",
journal = "FASEB Journal",
issn = "0892-6638",
publisher = "John Wiley & Sons Inc.",
number = "9",
}