The relationships between fasting plasma glucose and insulin resistance, glucose effectiveness, first-and second-phase insulin secretion in overweight and middle-aged Chinese

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of diabetes factors (DFs) such as insulin resistance (IR), glucose effectiveness (GE), first-and second-phase insulin secretion (FPIS and SPIS, respectively) on glucose metabolism and investigate which factor has the most profound impact in subjects within the same age group and with the same age and body mass index (BMI). Our aim is to show that the ‘net’ effects of the DFs could be determined independent of age and BMI. Design: A cross-sectional study Setting: MJ Health Screening Centers and other hospitals Subjects: We enrolled 28 men and 21 women of the same age (50 years old) and BMI (26 kg/m2) Interventions: No special intervention Main outcome measures: IR, FPIS, SPIS and GE were measured using the equations developed by our group. Results: In men, whereas SPIS is negatively correlated to fasting plasma glucose (FPG), IR shows a positive correlation. In women, both SPIS and GE are negatively associated with FPG. Besides, in women, FPG and GE had the highest r values followed by SPIS. However, for men, the order is SPIS and IR, respectively. Conclusion: In the middle-aged, overweight Chinese population, FPG was positively correlated to IR in men and negatively correlated to GE in women. At the same time, FPG was negatively correlated to SPIS in both genders. The FPG was most highly correlated to SPIS in men and GE in women.