TY - JOUR
T1 - The effect of annular repair on the failure strength of the porcine lumbar disc after needle puncture and punch injury
AU - Yang, Chih Hong
AU - Chiang, Yueh Feng
AU - Chen, Chia Hsien
AU - Wu, Lien Chen
AU - Liao, Chun Jen
AU - Chiang, Chang-Jung
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2015, The Author(s).
PY - 2016/3/1
Y1 - 2016/3/1
N2 - Purpose: The purpose was to quantify the structural integrity of annulus fibrosis (AF) after injuries with repair. Methods: Punctures in the AF of 6-month-old porcine spine specimens were made with 18-, 20-, 22-, 24-, and 26-gauge needles. Leakage testing was performed immediately after needle puncture (Group 1), after the puncture was repaired with a modified purse-string suture (MPSS) (Group 2), and after needle puncture with immediate repair (Group 3). Punch injuries repaired with the MPSS alone, or with an AF graft and MPSS were also examined. Results: There was no leakage from 26-gauge needle punctures. Pressures at which the nucleus pulposus leaked from the 24-, 22-, 20- and 18-gauge needle punctures (Group 1) were 4.28, 2.03, 1.27, and 1.06 MPa, respectively. Failure pressure after repair (Group 2, 3) was significantly greater than without (Group 1). Failure pressure in Group 3 was much greater than in Group 2 with 18- and 20-gauge punctures. Punch injury repaired with a graft and MPSS had significantly greater failure pressure than repair with MPSS alone (1.88 vs. 1.02 MPa, p = 0.0001). Conclusions: The MPSS can restore the mechanical integrity of the AF after needle puncture. An annular graft along with a MPSS may increase the structural integrity of the AF after a punch injury. As this was an acute animal study, the measurements and results may not directly translate to the human intervertebral disc.
AB - Purpose: The purpose was to quantify the structural integrity of annulus fibrosis (AF) after injuries with repair. Methods: Punctures in the AF of 6-month-old porcine spine specimens were made with 18-, 20-, 22-, 24-, and 26-gauge needles. Leakage testing was performed immediately after needle puncture (Group 1), after the puncture was repaired with a modified purse-string suture (MPSS) (Group 2), and after needle puncture with immediate repair (Group 3). Punch injuries repaired with the MPSS alone, or with an AF graft and MPSS were also examined. Results: There was no leakage from 26-gauge needle punctures. Pressures at which the nucleus pulposus leaked from the 24-, 22-, 20- and 18-gauge needle punctures (Group 1) were 4.28, 2.03, 1.27, and 1.06 MPa, respectively. Failure pressure after repair (Group 2, 3) was significantly greater than without (Group 1). Failure pressure in Group 3 was much greater than in Group 2 with 18- and 20-gauge punctures. Punch injury repaired with a graft and MPSS had significantly greater failure pressure than repair with MPSS alone (1.88 vs. 1.02 MPa, p = 0.0001). Conclusions: The MPSS can restore the mechanical integrity of the AF after needle puncture. An annular graft along with a MPSS may increase the structural integrity of the AF after a punch injury. As this was an acute animal study, the measurements and results may not directly translate to the human intervertebral disc.
KW - Annular repair
KW - Failure strength
KW - Needle puncture
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84958767618&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84958767618&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s00586-015-4316-0
DO - 10.1007/s00586-015-4316-0
M3 - Article
C2 - 26553105
AN - SCOPUS:84958767618
SN - 0940-6719
VL - 25
SP - 906
EP - 912
JO - European Spine Journal
JF - European Spine Journal
IS - 3
ER -