TY - JOUR
T1 - Stimulants, Wakefulness-promoting Agents, and Nonstimulant Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Medications
AU - Chang, Shen Chieh
AU - Shen, Winston W.
PY - 2013/12
Y1 - 2013/12
N2 - The treatments for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as well as for excessive daytime sleepiness of narcolepsy, obstructive sleep apnea/hyponea syndrome, and shift work sleep disorder have been advanced and expanded rapidly in the past 15 years. The pharmacotherapeutic armamentaria for those disorders include stimulants (amphetamine, methamphetamine, methylphenidate, and lisdexamfetamine), wakefulness-promoting agents (modafinil and armodafinil for narcolepsy), as well as nonstimulant ADHD medications (atomoxetin, a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor; guanfacine and clonidine α2A agonists). In this review, a brief history, chemical classifications, and pivotal clinical data of those therapeutic drugs which were approved as indications by the US Food and Drug Administration are discussed. Common off-label applications of those drugs in psychiatric practice are also mentioned.
AB - The treatments for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as well as for excessive daytime sleepiness of narcolepsy, obstructive sleep apnea/hyponea syndrome, and shift work sleep disorder have been advanced and expanded rapidly in the past 15 years. The pharmacotherapeutic armamentaria for those disorders include stimulants (amphetamine, methamphetamine, methylphenidate, and lisdexamfetamine), wakefulness-promoting agents (modafinil and armodafinil for narcolepsy), as well as nonstimulant ADHD medications (atomoxetin, a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor; guanfacine and clonidine α2A agonists). In this review, a brief history, chemical classifications, and pivotal clinical data of those therapeutic drugs which were approved as indications by the US Food and Drug Administration are discussed. Common off-label applications of those drugs in psychiatric practice are also mentioned.
KW - Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
KW - Modafinil
KW - Narcolepsy
KW - Stimulants
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jecm.2013.10.010
DO - 10.1016/j.jecm.2013.10.010
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:84890791157
SN - 1878-3317
VL - 5
SP - 210
EP - 216
JO - Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine(Taiwan)
JF - Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine(Taiwan)
IS - 6
ER -