Safety of Special Waveform of Transcranial Electrical Stimulation (TES): In Vivo Assessment

Muhammad Adeel, Chun Ching Chen, Bor Shing Lin, Hung Chou Chen, Jian Chiun Liou, Yu Ting Li, Chih Wei Peng

研究成果: 雜誌貢獻文章同行評審

8 引文 斯高帕斯(Scopus)

摘要

Intermittent theta burst (iTBS) powered by direct current stimulation (DCS) can safely be applied transcranially to induce neuroplasticity in the human and animal brain cortex. tDCS-iTBS is a special waveform that is used by very few studies, and its safety needs to be confirmed. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the safety of tDCS-iTBS in an animal model after brain stimulations for 1 h and 4 weeks. Thirty-one Sprague Dawley rats were divided into two groups: (1) short-term stimulation for 1 h/session (sham, low, and high) and (2) long-term for 30 min, 3 sessions/week for 4 weeks (sham and high). The anodal stimulation applied over the primary motor cortex ranged from 2.5 to 4.5 mA/cm2. The brain biomarkers and scalp tissues were assessed using ELISA and histological analysis (H&E staining) after stimulations. The caspase-3 activity, cortical myelin basic protein (MBP) expression, and cortical interleukin (IL-6) levels increased slightly in both groups compared to sham. The serum MBP, cortical neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and serum IL-6 slightly changed from sham after stimulations. There was no obvious edema or cell necrosis seen in cortical histology after the intervention. The short-and long-term stimulations did not induce significant adverse effects on brain and scalp tissues upon assessing biomarkers and conducting histological analysis.
原文英語
文章編號6850
期刊International journal of molecular sciences
23
發行號12
DOIs
出版狀態已發佈 - 6月 2022

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • 催化
  • 分子生物學
  • 光譜
  • 電腦科學應用
  • 物理與理論化學
  • 有機化學
  • 無機化學

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