Resveratrol-loaded nanoparticles conjugated with kidney injury molecule-1 as a drug delivery system for potential use in chronic kidney disease

Aim: We used resveratrol (Res)-loaded nanoparticles (Res NPs) as a novel method for improving the pharmacokinetic properties of Res and analyzed the effect of Res NPs in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Materials & methods: We coupled anti-kidney injury molecule-1 antibodies to Res NPs and analyzed safety and efficacy. Results: Res NPs had low toxicity and induced autophagy. Res NPs inhibited the NLRP3 inflammasome and IL-1β secretion. Higher NLRP3 expression levels were observed in peripheral blood monocytic cells of CKD patients than healthy individuals. Treatment with kidney injury molecule-1-Res NPs significantly reduced creatinine and protected against tubulointerstitial injury in a murine model of CKD. Conclusion: Res NPs through NLRP3 inflammasome attenuation and autophagy induction may be as a strategy to prevent CKD.