Pediatric neurogenic bowel dysfunction: ICCS review document

Introduction: The International Children's Continence Society (ICCS) aims to improve the quality of life in children with lower urinary tract dysfunction. A substantial portion of children also have problems with bowel dysfunction. There is a lack of evidence-based information on managing neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD) in children. Objective/methods: The ICCS aimed to provide an up-to-date, selective, non-systematic review of NBD's definitions, assessment, and treatment. Results: Specific definitions and terminology are defined within the document. Recommendations and considerations for physical assessment, history taking, and diagnostic studies are made. Management updates, both surgical and non-surgical, are provided as well as recommendations for follow-up and monitoring of individuals with NBD. Conclusion: This review of the current literature will help guide NBD management and research to improve NBD care.