Hypoadiponectinemia correlates with arterial stiffness in kidney transplantation patients

Background: Adiponectin is a fat-derived hormone produced and secreted exclusively by adipocytes that have anti-atherosclerotic effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between fasting serum adiponectin levels and arterial stiffness among kidney transplant (KT) patients. Methods: Fasting blood samples were obtained from 69 KT patients. Brachial–ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) was measured in the right or left brachial artery to the ankle segments using an automatic pulse wave analyzer. Plasma adiponectin levels were measured using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Left or right baPWV values of >14.0 m/s were used to define the high arterial stiffness group. Results: Thirty-five KT patients (35/69; 50.7 %) were defined in high arterial stiffness group. Diabetes (P = 0.013), smoking (P = 0.001), KT duration (P < 0.001), body weight (P = 0.013), waist circumference (P = 0.013), body mass index (P = 0.001), fasting glucose (P = 0.013), systolic blood pressure (P < 0.001), diastolic blood pressure (P = 0.008), and pulse pressure (P = 0.003) were higher, while serum adiponectin level (P = 0.004) was lower in high arterial stiffness group compared with low arterial stiffness group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that adiponectin (odds ratio 0.90, 95 % confidence interval 0.81–0.99, P = 0.034) was still the independent predictors of arterial stiffness among the KT patients. Conclusion: Serum fasting adiponectin level was inversely associated with arterial stiffness among KT patients.