TY - JOUR
T1 - Household transmission but without the community-acquired outbreak of COVID-19 in Taiwan
AU - Hsu, Chen Yang
AU - Wang, Jann Tay
AU - Huang, Kuo Chin
AU - Fan, Antoria Chiao Hsin
AU - Yeh, Yen Po
AU - Chen, Sam Li Sheng
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was supported by Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan ( MOST 108-2118-M-038 -002 -MY3 ; MOST 109-2327-B-002-009 ).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021
PY - 2021/6
Y1 - 2021/6
N2 - Background: Household transmission is responsible for the subsequent outbreak of community-acquired COVID-19. The aim of this study was to elucidate the household transmission mode and to further estimate effective and basic reproductive number with and without non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs). Methods: A total of 26 households with 39 family clusters between January, 2020 and February, 2021 in Taiwan were enrolled for analysis. The Becker's chain binomial model was used to analyze the probabilities of being infected and escaping from SARS-COV-2 before and after January 1st, 2021, which were further converted to estimating basic reproductive numbers in the absence of NPIs. The likelihood of leading to the subsequent community-acquired outbreak given NPIs was further assessed. Results: The secondary attack rate was 46.2%. Given the saturated Greenwood model selected as the best fitted model, the probability of being infected and escaping from COVID-19 within household was estimated as 44.4% (95% CI: 5.0%–53.7%) and 55.7% (95% CI: 46.3%–65.0%), respectively. In the second period of early 2021, the infected probability was increased to 58.3% (95% CI: 12.7%–90.0%) and the escape probability was lowered to 41.7% (95% CI: 0.0%–86.9%). The corresponding basic reproductive numbers (R0) increased from 4.29 in the first period to 6.73 in the second period without NPIs. However, none of subsequent community-acquired outbreak was noted in Taiwan given very effective NPIs in both periods. Conclusion: The proposed method and results are useful for designing household-specific containment measures and NPIs to stamp out a large-scale community-acquired outbreak as demonstrated in Taiwan.
AB - Background: Household transmission is responsible for the subsequent outbreak of community-acquired COVID-19. The aim of this study was to elucidate the household transmission mode and to further estimate effective and basic reproductive number with and without non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs). Methods: A total of 26 households with 39 family clusters between January, 2020 and February, 2021 in Taiwan were enrolled for analysis. The Becker's chain binomial model was used to analyze the probabilities of being infected and escaping from SARS-COV-2 before and after January 1st, 2021, which were further converted to estimating basic reproductive numbers in the absence of NPIs. The likelihood of leading to the subsequent community-acquired outbreak given NPIs was further assessed. Results: The secondary attack rate was 46.2%. Given the saturated Greenwood model selected as the best fitted model, the probability of being infected and escaping from COVID-19 within household was estimated as 44.4% (95% CI: 5.0%–53.7%) and 55.7% (95% CI: 46.3%–65.0%), respectively. In the second period of early 2021, the infected probability was increased to 58.3% (95% CI: 12.7%–90.0%) and the escape probability was lowered to 41.7% (95% CI: 0.0%–86.9%). The corresponding basic reproductive numbers (R0) increased from 4.29 in the first period to 6.73 in the second period without NPIs. However, none of subsequent community-acquired outbreak was noted in Taiwan given very effective NPIs in both periods. Conclusion: The proposed method and results are useful for designing household-specific containment measures and NPIs to stamp out a large-scale community-acquired outbreak as demonstrated in Taiwan.
KW - Chain binomial model
KW - COVID-19
KW - Household transmission
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jfma.2021.04.021
DO - 10.1016/j.jfma.2021.04.021
M3 - Article
C2 - 33994234
AN - SCOPUS:85106304497
SN - 0929-6646
VL - 120
SP - S38-S45
JO - Journal of the Formosan Medical Association
JF - Journal of the Formosan Medical Association
ER -