摘要
Ethyl caffeate, a natural phenolic compound, was isolated from Bidens pilosa, a medicinal plant popularly used for treating certain inflammatory syndromes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the structural activity, and the anti-inflammatory functions and mechanism(s) of ethyl caffeate. Ethyl caffeate was found to markedly suppress the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production (IC 50 = 5.5 μg ml -1), mRNA and protein expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2) production in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Transient gene expression assays using human cox-2 promoter construct revealed that ethyl caffeate exerted an inhibitory effect on cox-2 transcriptional activity in 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-treated MCF-7 cells. Immunohistochemical studies of mouse skin demonstrated that TPA-induced COX-2 expression was significantly inhibited by ethyl caffeate with a superior effect to that of celecoxib, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug. The phosphorylation and degradation of inhibitor κB (IκB) and the translocation of nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB) into the nucleus, as well as the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) induced by LPS in macrophages, were not affected by ethyl caffeate. Ethyl caffeate, however, could inhibit NF-κB activation by impairing the binding of NF-κB to its cis-acting element. These results suggest that ethyl caffeate suppresses iNOS and COX-2 expressions partly through the inhibition of the NF-κB·DNA complex formation. Structure-activity relationship analyses suggested that the catechol moiety and α,β-unsaturated ester group in ethyl caffeate are important and essential structural features for preventing NF-κB·DNA complex formation. This study provides an insight into the probable mechanism(s) underlying the anti-inflammatory and therapeutic properties of ethyl caffeate.
原文 | 英語 |
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頁(從 - 到) | 352-363 |
頁數 | 12 |
期刊 | British Journal of Pharmacology |
卷 | 146 |
發行號 | 3 |
DOIs | |
出版狀態 | 已發佈 - 10月 2005 |
對外發佈 | 是 |
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- 藥理