Enhanced biocompatible and hemocompatible nano/micro porous surface as a biological scaffold for functionalizational and biointegrated implants

The present study analyzed features of titanium surface modification using laser treatments (denoted as L50-Ti), evaluated its effects on the responses of MG-63 cells, and compared them to polished surfaces (P-Ti) and sandblasted and acid-etched surfaces (SLA-Ti). The P-Ti, SLA-Ti, and L50-Ti surfaces were examined by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. MG63 osteoblast-like cells were seeded on these surfaces, and cell adhesion, proliferation, and morphology were examined. Cell differentiation markers and local factors were also evaluated. The P-Ti surface presented parallel grooves with a smoother surface roughness. The SLA-Ti surface exhibited irregular peaks and valleys with hydrophobic properties, whereas the L50-Ti surface presented micro-/nanoporous structures with hydrophilic properties. Cell adhesion, proliferation, differentiation, and the production of prostaglandin E2 were greater on L50-Ti surfaces than those on P-Ti and SLA-Ti surfaces. Laser treatment can fabricate micro-/nanoporous Ti surfaces with hydrophilic properties, and these surface characteristics enhanced the responses of MG-63 cells.