Effects of arch support insoles on the standing balance of community-dwelling older adults with mild cognitive impairment

People with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) exhibit subtle but measurable cognitive deficits and a decline in balance. This study explored the effects of arch support insoles on standing balance in community-dwelling older adults with MCI. This was a quasi-experimental study with a single-group pre- and post-test design. Fifteen older adults with MCI were enrolled in the study. Postural stability, fall risk, and limits of stability tests, as well as the modified Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction on Balance, were conducted using the Biodex balance system SD before and after an 8-week intervention with arch support insoles. After the intervention, the fall risk index (1.27 ± 0.50 vs 0.87 ± 0.33, P = .006) decreased significantly. Some medium-to-large effect sizes were noted in the postural stability index and foam surface with eyes open testing condition of the modified Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction on Balance. The use of arch support insoles may enhance standing balance in older adults with MCI; it may contribute to fall prevention in this population. Further well-designed controlled trials are warranted to strengthen causal inferences.