Cationic polystyrene nanospheres induce autophagic cell death through the induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress

Hui Wen Chiu, Tian Xia, Yu Hsuan Lee, Chun Wan Chen, Jui Chen Tsai, Ying Jan Wang

研究成果: 雜誌貢獻文章同行評審

194 引文 斯高帕斯(Scopus)

摘要

Nanoparticles (NPs) have been used to produce a wide range of products that have applications in imaging and drug delivery in medicine. Due to their chemical stability, well-controlled sizes and surface charges, polystyrene (PS) NPs have been developed as biosensors and drug delivery carriers. However, the possible adverse biological effects and underlying mechanisms are still unclear. Recently, autophagy has been implicated in the regulation of cell death. In this study, we evaluated a library of PS NPs with different surface charges. We found that NH2-labeled polystyrene (NH2-PS) nanospheres were highly toxic with enhanced uptake in macrophage (RAW 264.7) and lung epithelial (BEAS-2B) cells. Furthermore, NH2-PS could induce autophagic cell death. NH2-PS increased autophagic flux due to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress caused by misfolded protein aggregation. The inhibition of ER stress decreased cytotoxicity and autophagy in the NH2-PS-treated cells. In addition, the Akt/mTOR and AMPK signaling pathways were involved in the regulation of NH2-PS-triggered autophagic cell death. These results suggest an important role of autophagy in cationic NP-induced cell death and provide mechanistic insights into the inhibition of the toxicity and safe material design.

原文英語
頁(從 - 到)736-746
頁數11
期刊Nanoscale
7
發行號2
DOIs
出版狀態已發佈 - 1月 14 2015

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • 一般材料科學

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