TY - JOUR
T1 - Bispectral index in evaluating effects of sedation depth on drug-induced sleep endoscopy
AU - Lo, Yu Lun
AU - Ni, Yung Lun
AU - Wang, Tsai Yu
AU - Lin, Ting Yu
AU - Li, Hsueh Yu
AU - White, David P.
AU - Lin, Jr Rung
AU - Kuo, Han Pin
PY - 2015/1/1
Y1 - 2015/1/1
N2 - Objective: To evaluate the effect of sedation depth on druginduced sleep endoscopy (DISE). Methods: Ninety patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and 18 snorers underwent polysomnography and DISE under bispectral index (BIS)-guided propofol infusion at two different sedation levels: BIS 65-75 (light sedation) and 50-60 (deep sedation). Results: For the patients with OSA, the percentages of velopharynx, oropharynx, hypopharynx, and larynx obstructions under light sedation were 77.8%, 63.3%, 30%, and 33.3%, respectively. Sedation depth was associated with the severity of velopharynx and oropharynx obstruction, oropharynx obstruction pattern, tongue base obstruction, epiglottis anteroposterior prolapse and folding, and arytenoid prolapse. In comparison, OSA severity was associated with the severity of velopharynx obstruction, severity of oropharynx obstruction, and arytenoid prolapse (odds ratio (95% confi dence interval); 14.3 (4.7-43.4), 11.7 (4.2-32.9), and 13.2 (2.8-62.3), respectively). A good agreement was noted between similar DISE fi ndings at different times and different observers (kappa value 0.6 to 1, respectively). A high percentage of arytenoid prolapse (46.7% among the patients with OSA under light sedation) was noted. Conclusions: Greater sedative depth increased upper airway collapsibility under DISE assessment. DISE under BIS-guided propofol infusion, and especially a level of 65-75, offers an objective and reproducible method to evaluate upper airway collapsibility. Some fi ndings were induced by drug sedation and need careful interpretation. Specifi c arytenoid prolapse patterns were noted for which further investigations are warranted.
AB - Objective: To evaluate the effect of sedation depth on druginduced sleep endoscopy (DISE). Methods: Ninety patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and 18 snorers underwent polysomnography and DISE under bispectral index (BIS)-guided propofol infusion at two different sedation levels: BIS 65-75 (light sedation) and 50-60 (deep sedation). Results: For the patients with OSA, the percentages of velopharynx, oropharynx, hypopharynx, and larynx obstructions under light sedation were 77.8%, 63.3%, 30%, and 33.3%, respectively. Sedation depth was associated with the severity of velopharynx and oropharynx obstruction, oropharynx obstruction pattern, tongue base obstruction, epiglottis anteroposterior prolapse and folding, and arytenoid prolapse. In comparison, OSA severity was associated with the severity of velopharynx obstruction, severity of oropharynx obstruction, and arytenoid prolapse (odds ratio (95% confi dence interval); 14.3 (4.7-43.4), 11.7 (4.2-32.9), and 13.2 (2.8-62.3), respectively). A good agreement was noted between similar DISE fi ndings at different times and different observers (kappa value 0.6 to 1, respectively). A high percentage of arytenoid prolapse (46.7% among the patients with OSA under light sedation) was noted. Conclusions: Greater sedative depth increased upper airway collapsibility under DISE assessment. DISE under BIS-guided propofol infusion, and especially a level of 65-75, offers an objective and reproducible method to evaluate upper airway collapsibility. Some fi ndings were induced by drug sedation and need careful interpretation. Specifi c arytenoid prolapse patterns were noted for which further investigations are warranted.
KW - Bispectral index
KW - Drug-induced sleep endoscopy
KW - Laryngeal obstruction
KW - Obstructive sleep apnea
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U2 - 10.5664/jcsm.5016
DO - 10.5664/jcsm.5016
M3 - Article
C2 - 25979098
AN - SCOPUS:84942256872
SN - 1550-9389
VL - 11
SP - 1011
EP - 1020
JO - Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine
JF - Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine
IS - 9
ER -