Antimüllerian hormone and polycystic ovary syndrome

Objective: To assess the relationship between antimüllerian hormone (AMH) and parameters related to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Design: Prospective study. Setting: Academic tertiary care center. Patient(s): A total of 290 women. Intervention(s): None. Main Outcome Measure(s): Parameters related to insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. Result(s): Women with polycystic ovary morphology had significantly higher AMH levels than women in the control group. The prevalence of PCOS increased from 21% in the low-AMH (11 ng/mL) group. However, significant differences in insulin resistance parameters were not observed among groups. The results of the correlation analysis revealed that AMH levels were positively correlated with LH, total T, A, and total cholesterol content; however, AMH levels were negatively correlated with age, body mass index, and the number of menstrual cycles per year. AMH levels were not correlated with insulin resistance parameters. Conclusion(s): Elevated serum AMH levels increase the risk of PCOS but do not affect the risk of insulin resistance or metabolic syndrome.