TY - JOUR
T1 - A safe and non-flammable sodium metal battery based on an ionic liquid electrolyte
AU - Sun, Hao
AU - Zhu, Guanzhou
AU - Xu, Xintong
AU - Liao, Meng
AU - Li, Yuan Yao
AU - Angell, Michael
AU - Gu, Meng
AU - Zhu, Yuanmin
AU - Hung, Wei Hsuan
AU - Li, Jiachen
AU - Kuang, Yun
AU - Meng, Yongtao
AU - Lin, Meng Chang
AU - Peng, Huisheng
AU - Dai, Hongjie
N1 - Funding Information:
Part of this work was supported by the Stanford Bits and Watts Program and gift funds. Part of this work was performed at the Stanford Nano Shared Facilities (SNSF), supported by the National Science Foundation under award ECCS-1542152.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019, The Author(s).
PY - 2019/12
Y1 - 2019/12
N2 - Rechargeable sodium metal batteries with high energy density could be important to a wide range of energy applications in modern society. The pursuit of higher energy density should ideally come with high safety, a goal difficult for electrolytes based on organic solvents. Here we report a chloroaluminate ionic liquid electrolyte comprised of aluminium chloride/1-methyl-3-ethylimidazolium chloride/sodium chloride ionic liquid spiked with two important additives, ethylaluminum dichloride and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide. This leads to the first chloroaluminate based ionic liquid electrolyte for rechargeable sodium metal battery. The obtained batteries reached voltages up to ~ 4 V, high Coulombic efficiency up to 99.9%, and high energy and power density of ~ 420 Wh kg−1 and ~ 1766 W kg−1, respectively. The batteries retained over 90% of the original capacity after 700 cycles, suggesting an effective approach to sodium metal batteries with high energy/high power density, long cycle life and high safety.
AB - Rechargeable sodium metal batteries with high energy density could be important to a wide range of energy applications in modern society. The pursuit of higher energy density should ideally come with high safety, a goal difficult for electrolytes based on organic solvents. Here we report a chloroaluminate ionic liquid electrolyte comprised of aluminium chloride/1-methyl-3-ethylimidazolium chloride/sodium chloride ionic liquid spiked with two important additives, ethylaluminum dichloride and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide. This leads to the first chloroaluminate based ionic liquid electrolyte for rechargeable sodium metal battery. The obtained batteries reached voltages up to ~ 4 V, high Coulombic efficiency up to 99.9%, and high energy and power density of ~ 420 Wh kg−1 and ~ 1766 W kg−1, respectively. The batteries retained over 90% of the original capacity after 700 cycles, suggesting an effective approach to sodium metal batteries with high energy/high power density, long cycle life and high safety.
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85069662004
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85069662004#tab=citedBy
U2 - 10.1038/s41467-019-11102-2
DO - 10.1038/s41467-019-11102-2
M3 - Article
C2 - 31341162
AN - SCOPUS:85069662004
SN - 2041-1723
VL - 10
JO - Nature Communications
JF - Nature Communications
IS - 1
M1 - 3302
ER -