TY - JOUR
T1 - ZBTB46, SPDEF, and ETV6
T2 - Novel Potential Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
AU - Fararjeh, Abdul Fattah Salah
AU - Liu, Yen Nien
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding: This work was jointly supported by grants from the Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan (MOST105-2628-B-038-006-MY3, MOST106-2918-I-038-001, and MOST107-2628-B-038-001), and the National Health Research Institute of Taiwan (NHRI-EX108-10702BI) and the “TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine” from The Featured Areas Research Center Program within the framework of the Higher Education Sprout Project by the Ministry of Education (MOE) in Taiwan to Y.N.L.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 by the authors.
PY - 2019/6/8
Y1 - 2019/6/8
N2 - Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common killer among men in Western countries. Targeting androgen receptor (AR) signaling by androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the current therapeutic regime for patients newly diagnosed with metastatic PCa. However, most patients relapse and become resistant to ADT, leading to metastatic castration-resistant PCa (CRPC) and eventually death. Several proposed mechanisms have been proposed for CRPC; however, the exact mechanism through which CRPC develops is still unclear. One possible pathway is that the AR remains active in CRPC cases. Therefore, understanding AR signaling networks as primary PCa changes into metastatic CRPC is key to developing future biomarkers and therapeutic strategies for PCa and CRPC. In the current review, we focused on three novel biomarkers (ZBTB46, SPDEF, and ETV6) that were demonstrated to play critical roles in CRPC progression, epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR TKI) drug resistance, and the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) for patients treated with ADT or AR inhibition. In addition, we summarize how these potential biomarkers can be used in the clinic for diagnosis and as therapeutic targets of PCa.
AB - Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common killer among men in Western countries. Targeting androgen receptor (AR) signaling by androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the current therapeutic regime for patients newly diagnosed with metastatic PCa. However, most patients relapse and become resistant to ADT, leading to metastatic castration-resistant PCa (CRPC) and eventually death. Several proposed mechanisms have been proposed for CRPC; however, the exact mechanism through which CRPC develops is still unclear. One possible pathway is that the AR remains active in CRPC cases. Therefore, understanding AR signaling networks as primary PCa changes into metastatic CRPC is key to developing future biomarkers and therapeutic strategies for PCa and CRPC. In the current review, we focused on three novel biomarkers (ZBTB46, SPDEF, and ETV6) that were demonstrated to play critical roles in CRPC progression, epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR TKI) drug resistance, and the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) for patients treated with ADT or AR inhibition. In addition, we summarize how these potential biomarkers can be used in the clinic for diagnosis and as therapeutic targets of PCa.
KW - androgen receptor (AR)
KW - castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC)
KW - ETS variant gene 6 (ETV6)
KW - SAM pointed domain containing ETS transcriptional factor (SPDEF)
KW - zinc finger and BTB domain-containing protein 46 (ZBTB46)
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U2 - 10.3390/ijms20112802
DO - 10.3390/ijms20112802
M3 - Review article
C2 - 31181727
AN - SCOPUS:85067818246
SN - 1661-6596
VL - 20
JO - International Journal of Molecular Sciences
JF - International Journal of Molecular Sciences
IS - 11
M1 - 2802
ER -