Using white blood cell counts to predict metabolic syndrome in the elderly: A combined cross-sectional and longitudinal study

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has an important implication from a preventive medicine perspective as early recognition and intervention will reduce associated mortality and morbidity. To better identify patients at risk for developing MetS and cardiovascular disease, we conduct a combined cross-sectional and longitudinal study to shed light on the elevated white blood cell (WBC) level in elderly. Methods: A total of 10,463 subjects were eligible for analysis. In the first stage of study, subjects were enrolled in the cross-sectional study to find out not only the correlation between WBC and MetS but also the optimal cut-off value of WBC with higher chances to have MetS. In the second stage of current study, subjects with MetS at baseline were excluded from the same study group, and performed a median 6.8-year longitudinal study to validate the optimal cut-off value of WBC predicting MetS. Results: WBC is significantly higher in the group with than without MetS in both genders. All MetS components were associated with WBC in multivariate analysis except diastolic blood pressure and fasting plasma glucose. In the longitudinal study, WBC showed to be a good predictor of MetS in both genders. Conclusion: WBC is a good marker to identify the high risk subjects having MetS in the current status or in the future. Elderly with a higher WBC and without any underlying chronic diseases should receive more attention on the potential to develop MetS.