Usefulness of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 in differentiating between typical and atypical community-acquired pneumonia

Chorng Kuang How, Sen Kuang Hou, Hsin Chin Shih, David Hung Tsang Yen, Chun I. Huang, Chen Hsen Lee, Gau Jun Tang

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

9 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical use of inflammatory marker triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM)-1 at admission for differentiating between typical and atypical bacterial community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Methods: A prospective, noninterventional study of patients with CAP hospitalized through the emergency department was performed. Surface expression of TREM-1 was analyzed using flow cytometry on peripheral blood cells, and soluble TREM-1 (sTREM-1) concentration was determined in plasma. Results: Eighty-eight patients with clinical suspicion of CAP were eligible. The causative pathogen was identified in 39 patients (44.3%). After excluding 4 mixed pneumonia cases, 21 typical and 14 atypical bacterial infections were enrolled. Patients with typical bacterial CAP demonstrated increased TREM-1 surface expression on monocytes and neutrophils. Median plasma sTREM-1 levels at admission were 65.2 pg/mL (range, 17.6-138.1 pg/mL) in patients with typical CAP and 25.9 pg/mL (range, 11.5-54.8 pg/mL) in patients with atypical CAP (P < .001). Soluble TREM-1 had good discriminative value to differentiate typical from atypical pathogens with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.87 (95% confidence interval, 0.75-0.98). At a cutoff level of 44.2 pg/mL, sTREM-1 yielded a sensitivity of 81%, a specificity of 79%, a positive likelihood ratio of 3.79, and a negative likelihood ratio of 0.24. Conclusions: In newly admitted patients with CAP, determination of the TREM-1 levels may provide useful additional diagnostic information on the bacterial etiology.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)626-631
Number of pages6
JournalAmerican Journal of Emergency Medicine
Volume29
Issue number6
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Jul 2011
Externally publishedYes

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Emergency Medicine

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