不同負重增強式訓練對腿部肌肉量、跳躍表現、下肢肌力及衝刺速度之影響

Introduction: The plyometric training producing a fast and powerful movement through concentric contraction and eccentric contraction. Although the past studies confirmed the benefits of plyometric training on exercise performance, but the difference about plyometric training combined with different loadings still unclear. The purpose of this study was to compare the 8 weeks plyometric training with different loadings on leg muscle mass, jump performance, lower limb muscular strength and speed. Methods: 29 untrained Chinese Culture University students for the study, they were randomly divided into plyometric training with high loading group (PHL, 20% body weight), plyometric training with low loading group (PLL, 10% body weight) and control group (CON). The training was 40-60 minutes each time, 3 days per week for 8 weeks. Increase the weight using the weight vest, and the physiological examination was before and after the training. Data were analyzed by using mixed design of two-way ANOVA to test the difference within different loadings groups on leg muscle mass, jump performance, muscular strength performance and sprint time. Results: The muscle mass increased significantly in PHL group; The CK was not significant changed in all groups ; The 20 m sprint were significant progress in all groups; In the isokinetic strength performance, the peak torque of 60°．s^(-1) and 180°．s^(-1) were increased significantly in PHL group, and the PLL group only at angular velocity 180°．s^(-1). And there were significant improved than CON group. In addition, the time to peak torque of 60°．s^(-1) was increased significantly in PHL group; The counter movement jump, strides jump and drop jump were increased significantly in PHL and PLL groups. Conclusion: In PHL and PLL groups, the jump performance, isokinetic muscular strength and 20 m sprint were increased significantly. And the leg muscle mass was only increased significantly in PHL group.