Synthesis and characterization of melatonin-loaded chitosan microparticles promote differentiation and mineralization in preosteoblastic cells

Ren Yeong Huang, Po Yan Hsiao, Lian Ping Mau, Yi Wen Cathy Tsai, David L. Cochran, Pei Wei Weng, Wan Chien Cheng, Chi Hsiang Chung, Yi Cheng Huang

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

8 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

In terms of a novel scaffold with well good osteoinductive and osteoconductive capacity, melatonin (Mel) possesses positive effects on chemical linkage in scaffold structures, which may allow osteogenic differentiation. The aim of this study is to fabricate Mel-loaded chitosan (CS) microparticles (MPs) as a novel bone substitute through generating a Mel sustained release system from Mel-loaded CS MPs and evaluating its effect on the osteogenic capacity of MC3T3-E1 in vitro. The physical-chemical characteristics of the prepared CS MPs were examined by both Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The released profile and kinetics of Mel from MPs were quantified, and the bioactivity of the released Mel on preosteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells was characterized in vitro. An in vitro drug release assay has shown high encapsulation efficiency and sustained release of Mel over the investigation period. In an osteogenesis assay, Mel-loaded CS MPs have significantly enhanced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) mRNA expression and ALP activity compared with the control group. Meanwhile, the osteoblast-specific differentiation genes, including runt related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), bone morphogentic protein-2 (Bmp2), collagen I (Col I), and osteocalcin (Ocn), were also significantly upregulated. Furthermore, quantificational alizarin red-based assay demonstrated that Mel-loaded CS MPs notably enhanced the calcium deposit of MC3T3-E1 compared with controls. In essence, Mel-loaded CS MPs can control the release of Mel for a period of time to accelerate osteogenic differentiation of preosteoblast cells in vitro.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)562-570
Number of pages9
JournalJournal of Oral Implantology
Volume46
Issue number6
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Dec 2020

Keywords

  • Bone substitute
  • Chitosan
  • Melatonin
  • Osteoblast
  • Regeneration

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Oral Surgery

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