TY - JOUR
T1 - State-dependent amygdala stimulation-induced cardiovascular effects in rats
AU - Chiou, Ruei Jen
AU - Kuo, Chung Chih
AU - Liang, Keng Chen
AU - Yen, Chen Tung
PY - 2009
Y1 - 2009
N2 - Stimulation of the amygdala is known to produce pressor, depressor, or has no effects. The present study was performed to test whether amygdala cardiovascular effects are influenced by consciousness states and by different types of anesthetics. Adult rats were set up for stimulation amygdala and measurement of blood pressure in a chronic preparation. After recovery, same sites of the amygdala were stimulated electrically for several trials with the rat under conscious or anesthetic states induced by pentobarbital, urethane, ketamine, α-chloralose and urethane plus α-chloralose, respectively. The interval between any two stimulation trials was at least 2 days. The stimulation was an 80-Hz, 0.5-ms, 100-μA square wave pulse train lasting for 15 s. Cardiovascular responsive sites were found in the central, medial, and basolateral nuclei of the amygdala. In stimulating these responsive sites, significantly different cardiovascular effects were induced under a conscious state and an anesthetized state of the animal, yet no significant differences were found among the various anesthetic agents. We conclude, that the cardiovascular influence of the amygdala is state-dependent in the rat.
AB - Stimulation of the amygdala is known to produce pressor, depressor, or has no effects. The present study was performed to test whether amygdala cardiovascular effects are influenced by consciousness states and by different types of anesthetics. Adult rats were set up for stimulation amygdala and measurement of blood pressure in a chronic preparation. After recovery, same sites of the amygdala were stimulated electrically for several trials with the rat under conscious or anesthetic states induced by pentobarbital, urethane, ketamine, α-chloralose and urethane plus α-chloralose, respectively. The interval between any two stimulation trials was at least 2 days. The stimulation was an 80-Hz, 0.5-ms, 100-μA square wave pulse train lasting for 15 s. Cardiovascular responsive sites were found in the central, medial, and basolateral nuclei of the amygdala. In stimulating these responsive sites, significantly different cardiovascular effects were induced under a conscious state and an anesthetized state of the animal, yet no significant differences were found among the various anesthetic agents. We conclude, that the cardiovascular influence of the amygdala is state-dependent in the rat.
KW - Amygdala
KW - Anesthesia
KW - Blood pressure
KW - Chloralose
KW - Electrical stimulation
KW - Heart rate
KW - Ketamine
KW - Pentobarbital
KW - Urethane
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U2 - 10.4077/CJP.2009.AMH046
DO - 10.4077/CJP.2009.AMH046
M3 - Article
C2 - 20337151
AN - SCOPUS:75449095021
SN - 0304-4920
VL - 52
SP - 432
EP - 440
JO - Chinese Journal of Physiology
JF - Chinese Journal of Physiology
IS - 6
ER -