Simulating the approximate irregular field dose distribution in radiotherapy using an ultrasound tracking technique

Purpose: This study used an ultrasound image tracking algorithm (UITA) in combination with a proposed simulation program for the approximate irregular field dose distribution (SPAD) to assess the feasibility of performing dose distribution simulations for two-dimensional radiotherapy. Methods: This study created five different types of multileaf collimator openings, and applied a SPAD to analyze the matrix position parameters for each regular field to generate a static program-simulation dose distribution map (PDDM), whose similarity was then compared with a static radiochromic film experimental-measurement dose distribution map (EDDM). A two-dimensional respiration motion simulation system (RMSS) was used to reproduce the respiration motion, and the UITA was used to capture the respiration signals. Respiration signals were input to the SPAD to generate two dynamic PDDMs, which were compared for similarity with the dynamic EDDM. Results: In order to verify the dose distribution between different dose measurement techniques, the gamma passing rate with 2%/2 mm criterion was used for the EDDM and PDDM, the passing rates were between 94.31% and 99.71% in the static field analyses, and between 84.45% and 96.09% for simulations with the UITA signal input and between 89.35% and 97.78% for simulations with the original signal input in the dynamic field analyses. Conclusions: Static and dynamic dose distribution maps can be simulated based on the proposed matrix position parameters of various fields and by using the UITA to track respiration signals during radiation therapy. The present findings indicate that it is possible to develop a reusable and time-saving dose distribution measurement tool.