TY - JOUR
T1 - Significance of morphological features in schizophrenia of a Chinese population
AU - Huang, Chun-Jung
AU - Chiu, H.-J.
AU - Lan, Tsuo-Hung
AU - Wang, H.-F.
AU - Kuo, Sheng W.
AU - Chen, Shuo-Fei
AU - Yu, Yen-Hsin
AU - Liu, Yun-Ru
AU - Hu, Tsung-Ming
AU - Loh, E.-W.
N1 - 被引用次數:4
Export Date: 29 March 2016
CODEN: JPYRA
通訊地址: Loh, E.-W.; Division of Mental Health and Addiction Medicine, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Mioali County, Taiwan; 電子郵件: [email protected]
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(Eds), Landes, London; Lane, A., Kinsella, A., Murphy, P., Byrne, M., Keenan, J., Colgan, K., The anthropometric assessment of dysmorphic features in schizophrenia as an index of its developmental origins (1997) Psychol Med, 27, pp. 1155-1164; Leppig, K.A., Werler, M.M., Cann, C.I., Cook, C.A., Holmes, L.B., Predictive value of minor anomalies. I. Association with major malformations (1987) J Pediatr, 110, pp. 530-537; Lloyd, T., Doody, G., Brewin, J., Park, B., Jones, P., Minor physical anomalies in schizophrenia: is age a confounding factor? (2003) Schizophr Res, 61, pp. 67-73; Méhes, K., (1988) Informative morphogenetic variants in the newborn, , Budapest, Akadémiai Kiadó; Murphy, K.C., Owen, M.J., Minor physical anomalies and their relationship to the aetiology of schizophrenia (1996) Brit J Psychiat, 168, pp. 139-142; Murray, R.M., O'Callaghan, E., Castle, D.J., Lewis, S.W., A neurodevelopmental approach to the classification of schizophrenia (1992) Schizophr Bull, 18, pp. 319-332; Opitz, J.M., Invited editorial comment: study of minor anomalies in childhood malignancy (1985) Eur J Pediatr, 144, pp. 252-254; Opler, M.G., Susser, E.S., Fetal environment and schizophrenia (2005) Environ Health Persp, 113, pp. 1239-1242; Pinsky, L., Informative morphogenetic variants: minor congenital anomalies revisited (1985) Issues and reviews in teratology, 3. , Kalter H. (Ed), Plenum, New York; Rahman, Q., The neurodevelopment of human sexual orientation (2005) Neurosci Biobehav Rev, 29, pp. 1057-1066; Shprintzen, R.J., Velo-cardio-facial syndrome: 30 years of study (2008) Dev Disabil Res Rev, 14, pp. 3-10; Smith, D.W., (1970) Recognizable patterns of human malformation, , WB Saunders, Philadelphia; Tényi, T., Trixler, M., Csábi, G., Minor physical anomalies in affective disorders. A review of the literature (2009) J Affect Disorders, 112, pp. 11-18; Tarrant, C.J., Jones, P.B., Precursors to schizophrenia: do biological markers have specificity? (1999) Can J Psychiat, 44, pp. 335-349; Trixler, M., Tényi, T., Csábi, G., Szabó, G., Méhes, K., Informative morphogenetic variants in patients with schizophrenia and alcohol-dependent patients: beyond the Waldrop scale (1997) Am J Psychiat, 154, pp. 691-693; Trixler, M., Tényi, T., Csábi, G., Szabó, R., Minor physical anomalies in schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder (2001) Schizophr Res, 52, pp. 195-201; Villavicencio, E.H., Walterhouse, D.O., Iannaccone, P.M., The sonic hedgehog-patched-gli pathway in human development and disease (2000) Am J Human Genet, 67, pp. 1047-1054; Waldrop, M.F., Pedersen, F.A., Bell, R.Q., Minor physical anomalies and behavior in preschool children (1968) Child Dev, 39, pp. 391-400; Weinberger, D.R., Implications of normal brain development for the pathogenesis of schizophrenia (1987) Archs Gen Psychiat, 44, pp. 660-669; Weinberg, S.M., Jenkins, E.A., Marazita, M.L., Maher, B.S., Minor physical anomalies in schizophrenia: a meta-analysis (2007) Schizophr Res, 89, pp. 72-85; Williams, T.J., Pepitone, M.E., Christensen, S.E., Cooke, B.M., Huberman, A.D., Breedlove, N.J., Finger-length ratios and sexual orientation (2000) Nature, 404, pp. 455-456; Yoshitsugu, K., Yamada, K., Toyota, T., Aoki-Suzuki, M., Minabe, Y., Nakamura, K., A novel scale including strabismus and 'cuspidal ear' for distinguishing schizophrenia patients from controls using minor physical anomalies (2006) Psychiat Res, 145, pp. 249-258
PY - 2010
Y1 - 2010
N2 - Neuro-developmental hypothesis suggests that schizophrenia is originated from aberrant brain development during first and/or early trimester of gestation. Accordingly, when a schizophrenia gene is involved in the regulation of embryonic development and continues to play a role in the later life, it may result in the co-occurrence of defective organ systems and/or physiological functions with schizophrenia. We proposed a checklist with 13 morphological features and examine their prevalence rates in 151 schizophrenic patients and 151 controls. Statistical analyses showed that single transverse palmar crease, head circumference, covered epicanthus, finger length difference, and inner canthus distance, made significant contributions to schizophrenia. To rule out the age confounding effects on morphological features, we dropped older schizophrenic subjects and younger controls in further regression analysis. The regression model correctly classified 82.8% of control subjects (specificity) and 86.4% of schizophrenic patients (sensitivity), and provided an overall successful classification rate of 84.5%, with single transverse palmar crease on the first rank. The association of morphological features and schizophrenia is probably genetic in origin, as specific morphological features were more frequent in non-affected parents with higher genetic loading of schizophrenia. In addition, the association of finger length difference in schizophrenia found in this study has never been reported elsewhere. Our study showed that five out of 13 morphological features in the propose checklist may be used as biomarkers for schizophrenia, either for clinical practice or research purposes. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
AB - Neuro-developmental hypothesis suggests that schizophrenia is originated from aberrant brain development during first and/or early trimester of gestation. Accordingly, when a schizophrenia gene is involved in the regulation of embryonic development and continues to play a role in the later life, it may result in the co-occurrence of defective organ systems and/or physiological functions with schizophrenia. We proposed a checklist with 13 morphological features and examine their prevalence rates in 151 schizophrenic patients and 151 controls. Statistical analyses showed that single transverse palmar crease, head circumference, covered epicanthus, finger length difference, and inner canthus distance, made significant contributions to schizophrenia. To rule out the age confounding effects on morphological features, we dropped older schizophrenic subjects and younger controls in further regression analysis. The regression model correctly classified 82.8% of control subjects (specificity) and 86.4% of schizophrenic patients (sensitivity), and provided an overall successful classification rate of 84.5%, with single transverse palmar crease on the first rank. The association of morphological features and schizophrenia is probably genetic in origin, as specific morphological features were more frequent in non-affected parents with higher genetic loading of schizophrenia. In addition, the association of finger length difference in schizophrenia found in this study has never been reported elsewhere. Our study showed that five out of 13 morphological features in the propose checklist may be used as biomarkers for schizophrenia, either for clinical practice or research purposes. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
KW - Embryo
KW - Minor physical anomalies
KW - Morphological features
KW - Neuro-developmental hypothesis
KW - Schizophrenia
KW - Waldrop scale
KW - adult
KW - article
KW - Chinese
KW - controlled study
KW - epicanthus
KW - female
KW - head circumference
KW - human
KW - major clinical study
KW - male
KW - morphology
KW - population research
KW - prevalence
KW - priority journal
KW - reliability
KW - schizophrenia
KW - sensitivity and specificity
KW - statistical analysis
KW - Adult
KW - Asian Continental Ancestry Group
KW - Checklist
KW - Extremities
KW - Female
KW - Head
KW - Humans
KW - Male
KW - Middle Aged
KW - Reproducibility of Results
KW - Schizophrenic Psychology
KW - Statistics, Nonparametric
U2 - 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2009.06.004
DO - 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2009.06.004
M3 - Article
SN - 0022-3956
VL - 44
SP - 63
EP - 68
JO - Journal of Psychiatric Research
JF - Journal of Psychiatric Research
IS - 2
ER -