Serum anti-müllerian hormone and estradiol levels as predictors of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in assisted reproduction technology cycles

BACKGROUND: Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is reported to be a reliable marker of the ovarian response to controlled ovarian stimulation (COS). The objective of this study is to determine whether the serum AMH level can predict ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) prior to selection of COS protocols. METHODS: A cohort of 262 IVF cycles was investigated prospectively, in order to evaluate the predictive value for OHSS by means of certain risk factors, including age, body mass index (BMI), serum estradiol (E₂) level, number of retrieved oocytes and basal serum AMH level. RESULTS: The basal serum AMH level predicted OHSS better than age and BMI with a sensitivity of 90.5% and specificity of 81.3%. Both the basal serum AMH level (odds ratio: 1.7856, P = 0.0003) and serum E₂ level on the day of HCG administration (odds ratio: 1.0005, P = 0.0455) proved to be significant predictors of OHSS by logistic regression analysis. However, age (odds ratio: 0.9346, P = 0.049) was the only significant factor for prediction of clinical pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS: The basal serum AMH level could be utilized effectively to predict OHSS and thus to direct the selection of mild COS protocols.