Safety and accuracy of multidetector row computed tomography for early assessment of residual stenosis of the infarct-related artery and the number of diseased vessels after acute myocardial infarction

Background: Recent studies reveal that contrast-enhanced multidetector row computed tomography (MDCT) is a promising technique for noninvasive visualization of coronary artery stenoses. We investigated the safety and accuracy of MDCT for early assessment of the severity of residual stenosis of the infarct-related artery (IRA) and the number of diseased vessels in patients after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods and Results: Of 146 AMI cases admitted, 72 fit with criteria and underwent 16-slice MDCT (4 ± 2 days after AMI) with β-blockers. There were no complications except 1 patient who had from complete atrioventricular block. Results were compared with conventional coronary angiography (CCA) within 3 days. In 55 (73.3%) of 72 patients, all arteries were assessable. In total, the number of assessable arteries was 253 (87.8%), and 35 (12.2%) vessels were nonassessable, mostly because of motion artifacts and extensive calcification. Overall, 84 of the 115 lesions (≥50% lumen reduction) were correctly detected by MDCT (sensitivity 73.0%). The accuracy in classifying patients with nonsignificant, single-, or multiple-vessel diseases was 79.1%. The accuracy for residual lesions with >50% stenosis of IRA was 87.5%. There was a good correlation regarding the severity of residual stenosis of the IRA (0%, 1%-49%, 50%-89%, 90%-99%, or occlusion) between MDCT and CCA (Spearman correlation 0.94, P < .001). Lesions with 90% to 99% or occlusion of the IRA were accurately detected or ruled out in 31 of 36 cases (86.1%). Conclusions: With appropriate protocol, MDCT is safe and accurate in assessing the severity of IRA and the number of diseased vessels during the first week after AMI. It has the potential to provide triage for early management of patients after AMI.