Prevalence and Risk Factors of Hypertension among Young Adults: An Indonesian Basic Health Survey

Introduction: Hypertension patients aged under 40 years have low awareness and under-diagnosis, hence poor blood pressure control. The prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension in men and women aged 26 to 35 years is 55% and 44%, respectively. This study aimed to provide information on the prevalence and risk factors for hypertension among young adults based on the basic health survey (Riset Kesehatan Dasar; RISKESDAS) in Indonesia. Methods: This cross-sectional study utilized secondary data from the RISKESDAS 2018 with a total of 140,073 subjects aged 26-35 years. The characteristics of the subjects were presented as proportion. This study performed a chi-square test and involved multivariate analysis using binary logistic regression for all parameters with p-value <0.25 in the chi-square test. Results: This study reports the prevalence of hypertension among young adults to be 4.1%. A study also found that female (POR:=1.225 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.119-1.341), unmarried (POR=0.711; 95% CI:0.556-0.908), low-level education (POR=1.286; 95% CI:1.195-1.384), unemployed (POR=1.267; 95% CI:1.166-1.377), BMI≥25 (POR=2.472 (2.295-2.662), diabetes mellitus (POR=3.688; 95% CI:2.630-5.173), emotional mental disorder (POR=2.041; 95% CI:1.856-2.244), instant food consumption (POR=1.108; 95% CI:1.025-1.197) were related to the occurrence of hypertension among young adults. Conclusion: The prevalence of hypertension among young adults was 4.1%. Females, married, low level of education, unemployed, BMI≥25, diabetes mellitus, having a mental disorder, and consumption of instant food altogether increase the risk of getting hypertension among young adults aged 26-35 years old.