Optimum treatment for primary squamous cell carcinoma of the pelvic retroperitoneum

Primary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the pelvic retroperitoneum is very rare. We present a primary SCC of the pelvic retroperitoneum, which to our knowledge is the second case described. In this case, a heterogenous mass with irregular cystic echoes located at the left pelvic cavity was examined in a 44-year-old female patient. Final pathological studies proved it to be a SCC. The patient received radical abdominal hysterectomy and left distal ureterectomy. Concurrent chemo-radiation therapy was given after surgery. The patient was followed up for 4 years without any recurrence. In conclusion, it is difficult to find an optimum therapeutic modality for such rare cases. Our report suggests that surgical excision combined with concurrent chemo-radiotherapy is an effective option for the treatment of this tumor.