Minimally invasive vertebroplasty in the treatment of pain induced by spinal metastatic tumor

Spinal metastatic tumor is a common problem and represents a challenging problem in oncology practice. Patients with osteolytic metastases often suffer from intractable local and/or radicular pain. Percutaneous vertebroplasty is a minimally invasive, radiologically guided procedure whereby bone cement is injected into structurally weakened vertebrae to provide immediate biomechanical stability. Vertebroplasty is also used to relieve pain by stabilizing metastatically compromised vertebrae that are at risk of pathological burst fracture. In this retrospective study, a total of 57 patients (78 vertebrae) with spinal metastatic tumor were treated with PMMA vertebroplasty. The mean value of the visual analogue scale (VAS) was 8.1 ± 0.67 preoperatively, and significantly decreased to 3.8 ± 1.9 (1-8, p<0.015) one day after vertebroplasty. The mean VAS value 6 months after vertebroplsty was 2.8 ± 20 (p<0.001). Mean injected bone cement amount in our study is 5.16 ± 1.6mL. The complication rate is about 21.8%, bone cement extravasation without neurological deficit is the most common complication. No new or adjacent vertebral fracture has occurred in more than 2 years follow-up. Percutaneous vertebroplasty is a minimally invasive procedure that offers a remarkable advantage of effective and immediate pain relief with few complications.