Life-threatening rhabdomyolysis induced by streptococcus bovis sepsis in a 6-year-old girl presented to the pediatric emergency department

Streptococcus bovis infection is an uncommon disease during infancy and childhood. Rhabdomyolysis is frequently a complication of a viral infection in children and typically has a benign course. It has rarely been reported as a complication in cases of bacterial infection, especially those caused by S. bovis. We describe a case of life-threatening rhabdomyolysis after a bacterial infection caused by S. bovis sepsis in a previously healthy 6-year-old girl who presented to our pediatric emergency department. She had an unusually high serum creatine kinase value (peak value, 436,449 IU/L), and she was successfully treated with adequate antibiotic treatment and effective renal replacement therapy. This case illustrates that, although uncommon, S. bovis can cause serious infections during childhood. Pediatric emergency physicians should be aware that uncommon organisms may be able to cause severe infections in susceptible children associated with life-threatening rhabdomyolysis.