Human haptoglobin phenotypes and concentration determination by nanogold-enhanced electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

Tsai Mu Cheng, Tzu Cheng Lee, Shin Hua Tseng, Hsueh Liang Chu, Ju Pin Pan, Chia Ching Chang

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

13 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Haptoglobin (Hp) is an acute phase protein that binds free hemoglobin (Hb), preventing Hb-induced oxidative damage in the vascular system. There are three phenotypes in human Hp, whose heterogeneous polymorphic structures and varying concentrations in plasma have been attributed to the cause of diseases and outcome of clinical treatments. Different phenotypes of Hp may be composed of the same subunits but different copy numbers, rendering their determination difficult by a single procedure. In this study, we have developed a simple, fast, reliable and sensitive method, using label-free nanogold-modified bioprobes coupled with self-development electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). By this method, probe surface charge transfer resistance is detected. The relative charge transfer resistance ratios for Hp 1-1, Hp 2-1 and Hp 2-2 were characterized. We were able to determine protein size difference within 3nm, and the linear region of the calibration curve for Hp levels in the range of 90pgml- 1 and 90νgml- 1 (∼1fM to 1pM). We surmise that similar approaches can be used to investigate protein polymorphism and altered protein-protein interaction associated with diseases.

Original languageEnglish
Article number245105
JournalNanotechnology
Volume22
Issue number24
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Jun 17 2011
Externally publishedYes

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • General Chemistry
  • Mechanics of Materials
  • Mechanical Engineering
  • Bioengineering
  • Electrical and Electronic Engineering
  • General Materials Science

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