Histological evaluation of socket preservation with different bone grafting materials

The aim of this study was to compare different bone grafting materials and their contribution to socket preservation. In six beagle dogs, bilateral mandibular second, third, and fourth premolars were hemisectioned and extracted. The following four treatment modalities were randomly allocated: (1) empty control site, (2) collagen plug, (3) Bio Oss-collagen, (4) HA/β-TCP- collagen. After 2 and 4 weeks, the animals were sacrificed, and decalcified sections were obtained for histological analysis. New bone formation was homogeneous, progressive, and centripetal in all materials. Remodeling as well as the calcification of the newly formed bone was observed. In addition, well-connected trabeculae surrounding the degraded materials were observed. Nearly mature bone, which demonstrated less cellular, more mineralized, and structurally more organized into lamellar bone was noted in HA/β-TCP- collagen composite. In this study, Bio Oss-collagen and HA/β-TCP-collagen produced a newly biomimetic composite biomaterial and could prove to be a superior bone substitute material, both structurally and functionally, which could be used in the repair of bone defects collagen composite.