Abstract
Pro-inflammatory hormones and cytokines (leptin, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukin (IL)-6) rise in obesity. Elevated levels of hormones and cytokines are linked with several comorbidities such as diabetes, heart disease, and cancer. The checkpoint programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) plays an important role in obesity and cancer proliferation. L-thyroxine (T4) and steroid hormones up-regulate PD-L1 accumulation and promote inflammation in cancer cells and diabetics. On the other hand, resveratrol and other herbal medicines suppress PD-L1 accumulation and reduce diabetic effects. In addition, they induce anti-cancer proliferation in various types of cancer cells via different mechanisms. In the current review, we discuss new findings and visions into the antagonizing effects of hormones on herbal medicine-induced anti-cancer properties.
Original language | English |
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Article number | 2979 |
Journal | Nutrients |
Volume | 11 |
Issue number | 12 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - Dec 2019 |
Keywords
- Anoectochilus formosanus hayata
- Curcumin
- PD-L1
- Resveratrol
- Steroid hormone
- Thyroid hormone
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Food Science
- Nutrition and Dietetics