@article{026ba7eeaad84bab919e7ae8046973ad,
title = "Glucose Metabolites Exert Opposing Roles in Tumor Chemoresistance",
abstract = "Reprogrammed glucose metabolism and increased glycolysis have been implicated in tumor chemoresistance. The aim was to investigate the distinct roles of the glucose metabolites pyruvate and ATP in chemoresistance mechanisms, including cell death and proliferation. Our data showed higher glucose transporters in colorectal cancer (CRC) from non-responsive patients than those responsive to chemotherapy. Human CRC cell lines exposed to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) displayed elevated cell viability and larger tumors in xenograft mouse models if cultured in high-glucose medium. Glucose conferred resistance to 5-FU-induced necroptosis via pyruvate scavenging of mitochondrial free radicals, whereas ATP replenishment had no effect on cell death. Glucose attenuated the 5-FU-induced G0/G1 shift but not the S phase arrest. Opposing effects were observed by glucose metabolites; ATP increased while pyruvate decreased the G0/G1 shift. Lastly, 5-FU-induced tumor spheroid destruction was prevented by glucose and pyruvate, but not by ATP. Our finding argues against ATP as the main effector for glucose-mediated chemoresistance and supports a key role of glycolytic pyruvate as an antioxidant for dual modes of action: necroptosis reduction and a cell cycle shift to a quiescent state.",
keywords = "cell cycle progression, chemotherapy resistance, colorectal carcinoma, glycolytic pyruvate, liposomal ATP, necroptotic death, reactive oxidative species",
author = "Huang, {Chung Yen} and Huang, {Ching Ying} and Pai, {Yu Chen} and Lin, {Been Ren} and Lee, {Tsung Chun} and Liang, {Pi Hui} and Yu, {Linda Chia Hui}",
note = "Funding Information: This study was supported by grants from the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST 107-2320-B-002-041-MY3, 106-2320-B-002-017, 104-2320-B-002-008-MY3, 104-2815-C-002-027-B, 105-2815-C-002-050-B, 106-2813-C-002-125-B, 105-2811-B-002-014, and 99-2314-B-002-083-MY3), National Health Research Institute (NHRI-EX108-10823BI, NHRI-EX109-10823BI, and NHRI-EX110-10823BI) and National Taiwan University (NTU-CDP-105R7798 and NTU-CCP-106R890504). Funding Information: We thank Dr. Chin-Tin Chen from the Department of Biochemical Science and Technology in National Taiwan University for the liposomal preparation. We thank the staff of the animal center, and the imaging and sequencing facility at the First Core Laboratory of National Taiwan University College of Medicine for technical assistance. Funding. This study was supported by grants from the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST 107-2320-B-002-041-MY3, 106-2320-B-002-017, 104-2320-B-002-008-MY3, 104-2815-C-002-027-B, 105-2815-C-002-050-B, 106-2813-C-002-125-B, 105-2811-B-002-014, and 99-2314-B-002-083-MY3), National Health Research Institute (NHRI-EX108-10823BI, NHRI-EX109-10823BI, and NHRI-EX110-10823BI) and National Taiwan University (NTU-CDP-105R7798 and NTU-CCP-106R890504). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} Copyright {\textcopyright} 2019 Huang, Huang, Pai, Lin, Lee, Liang and Yu.",
year = "2019",
month = nov,
day = "21",
doi = "10.3389/fonc.2019.01282",
language = "English",
volume = "9",
journal = "Frontiers in Oncology",
issn = "2234-943X",
publisher = "Frontiers Media SA",
}
