Gender differences in trends in diabetes prevalence from 1993 to 2008 in Taiwan

We examined time trends in the prevalence of diabetes using nationally representative samples, with a focus on gender differences. Data were from the Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan (NAHSIT), 1993-1996 (n= 2700), and NAHSIT 2004-2008 (n= 2258). Participants aged 19 years or older with adequate fasting glucose data were included. When needed, rates were standardized to the year 2000 WHO 5-year interval population for comparisons.The prevalence increased significantly in men, whose standardized rate increased from 4.6% to 9.3%. In women, the age standardized prevalence decreased slightly from 7.9% to 6.4%. High triglycerides (≥150. mg/dL) was associated with diabetes with odds ratios (OR) of 2.14, and 2.69 (all with p< 0.05) in the two surveys. High waist circumference (men ≥ 90. cm; women ≥ 80. cm) was also associated with diabetes with ORs of 2.52, and 1.93 (all with p< 0.05).We recommend the development of innovative health promotion programs targeting not only the general population, but also high risk groups such as men, to further reduce diabetes.