TY - JOUR
T1 - Employment status and temporal patterns of energy intake
T2 - Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan, 2005-2008
AU - Chau, Chun An
AU - Pan, Wen Harn
AU - Chen, Hsin Jen
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © The Authors 2017.
PY - 2017/12/1
Y1 - 2017/12/1
N2 - Objective To (i) identify the major temporal patterns of energy intake among adults; (ii) examine the association between employment status and the patterns; and (iii) examine the association between dietary quality and the patterns. Design Secondary analysis based on the cross-sectional population-based nutrition survey in Taiwan, 2005-2008. Based on energy intake levels at six time intervals of a day derived from 24 h recall data, we applied cluster analysis to identify major temporal patterns of energy intake. Self-reported employment status was categorized into six groups: full-time, part-time, no job, student, homemaker and retired. Multinomial logistic regression models were fitted to test the association between temporal patterns of energy intake and employment groups. Setting Non-institutionalized community dwellers. Subjects Non-pregnant adults (≥19 years old) with total energy intake between 2092 and 20920 kJ/d (500 and 5000 kcal/d; n 4508). Results Five major patterns were identified, which can be seen as the traditional meal pattern and its variants. About 20 % of adults had the traditional pattern. The most prevalent pattern was the delayed morning meal pattern (33 %), which had lower Ca and P intakes than the traditional pattern. About 14 % of adults had the delayed lunchtime pattern, which had lower protein, PUFA, fibre, Ca, P, vitamin D and vitamin E intakes than the traditional. Adjusted prevalence of the delayed lunchtime pattern was highest among full-time students (34 %), followed by part-time workers (24 %), and was lower in retired (8 %), homemakers (11 %) and full-time employed adults (12 %). Conclusion Adults' temporal patterns of energy intake, which varied with their employment status, affected their dietary quality.
AB - Objective To (i) identify the major temporal patterns of energy intake among adults; (ii) examine the association between employment status and the patterns; and (iii) examine the association between dietary quality and the patterns. Design Secondary analysis based on the cross-sectional population-based nutrition survey in Taiwan, 2005-2008. Based on energy intake levels at six time intervals of a day derived from 24 h recall data, we applied cluster analysis to identify major temporal patterns of energy intake. Self-reported employment status was categorized into six groups: full-time, part-time, no job, student, homemaker and retired. Multinomial logistic regression models were fitted to test the association between temporal patterns of energy intake and employment groups. Setting Non-institutionalized community dwellers. Subjects Non-pregnant adults (≥19 years old) with total energy intake between 2092 and 20920 kJ/d (500 and 5000 kcal/d; n 4508). Results Five major patterns were identified, which can be seen as the traditional meal pattern and its variants. About 20 % of adults had the traditional pattern. The most prevalent pattern was the delayed morning meal pattern (33 %), which had lower Ca and P intakes than the traditional pattern. About 14 % of adults had the delayed lunchtime pattern, which had lower protein, PUFA, fibre, Ca, P, vitamin D and vitamin E intakes than the traditional. Adjusted prevalence of the delayed lunchtime pattern was highest among full-time students (34 %), followed by part-time workers (24 %), and was lower in retired (8 %), homemakers (11 %) and full-time employed adults (12 %). Conclusion Adults' temporal patterns of energy intake, which varied with their employment status, affected their dietary quality.
KW - Cluster analysis
KW - Dietary pattern
KW - Feeding behaviour
KW - Meal timing
KW - Nutrition surveys
KW - Dietary pattern
KW - Feeding behaviour
KW - Nutrition surveys
KW - Cluster analysis
KW - Meal timing
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U2 - 10.1017/S1368980017002476
DO - 10.1017/S1368980017002476
M3 - Article
C2 - 28931442
AN - SCOPUS:85030843354
SN - 1368-9800
VL - 20
SP - 3295
EP - 3303
JO - Public Health Nutrition
JF - Public Health Nutrition
IS - 18
ER -