TY - JOUR
T1 - Effects of air pollution, land-use type, and maternal mental health on child development in the first two years of life in the Greater Taipei area
AU - Zou, Ming Lun
AU - Jiang, Chuen Bin
AU - Chen, Yi Hua
AU - Wu, Chih Da
AU - Candice Lung, Shih Chun
AU - Chien, Ling Chu
AU - Kallawicha, Kraiwuth
AU - Yang, Yu Ting
AU - Lo, Yu Chun
AU - Chao, Hsing Jasmine
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan , Republic of China ( MOST 107-2314-B-038-075-MY3 , MOST 106-2119-M-038-002 , MOST 105-2119-M-038-005 ), and the Higher Education Sprout Project by the Ministry of Education in Taiwan ( DP2-108-21121-01-N-12-01 ).
Funding Information:
This study was supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, Republic of China (MOST 107-2314-B-038-075-MY3, MOST 106-2119-M-038-002, MOST 105-2119-M-038-005), and the Higher Education Sprout Project by the Ministry of Education in Taiwan (DP2-108-21121-01-N-12-01).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier Inc.
PY - 2021/6
Y1 - 2021/6
N2 - Introduction: Few studies have investigated the associations of child development with air pollution, land-use type, and maternal mental health simultaneously. Therefore, we evaluated the effect of exposure to air pollutants during several critical periods of life, with adjustment for land-use type and maternal mental status, on child development at 6, 12, and 24 months of age in the Greater Taipei area. Methods: Participants were selected from an ongoing Taiwanese birth cohort study. We analyzed the data of the participants who had been recruited from January 2011 to April 2014. Self-administered standardized questionnaires were used to collect information on sociodemographic factors, infant development and health, maternal mental status, etc. Air pollution levels in pre- and postnatal periods were estimated using a spatial interpolation technique (ordinary kriging) at children's residential addresses. Land-use types around participants' homes were evaluated using buffer analysis. We used multiple logistic regression analysis to examine the relationships between child development delay and environmental factors. Results: In total, 228, 361, and 441 families completed child development forms at 6, 12, and 24 months of age, respectively. Our results indicated that prenatal exposure to particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤10 μm and O3 and postnatal exposure to NO2 were negatively associated with child development. Traffic-related land-use types, gas stations, and power generation areas around participants’ homes were also adversely correlated with child development. Moreover, poor maternal mental health was associated with child development delay. Conclusion: Prenatal exposure and postnatal exposure to air pollution were associated with development delay in children under 2 years of age, specifically those under 1 year of age, even after adjustment for land-use type and maternal mental status. Living environment is critical for the development of children under 2 years of age.
AB - Introduction: Few studies have investigated the associations of child development with air pollution, land-use type, and maternal mental health simultaneously. Therefore, we evaluated the effect of exposure to air pollutants during several critical periods of life, with adjustment for land-use type and maternal mental status, on child development at 6, 12, and 24 months of age in the Greater Taipei area. Methods: Participants were selected from an ongoing Taiwanese birth cohort study. We analyzed the data of the participants who had been recruited from January 2011 to April 2014. Self-administered standardized questionnaires were used to collect information on sociodemographic factors, infant development and health, maternal mental status, etc. Air pollution levels in pre- and postnatal periods were estimated using a spatial interpolation technique (ordinary kriging) at children's residential addresses. Land-use types around participants' homes were evaluated using buffer analysis. We used multiple logistic regression analysis to examine the relationships between child development delay and environmental factors. Results: In total, 228, 361, and 441 families completed child development forms at 6, 12, and 24 months of age, respectively. Our results indicated that prenatal exposure to particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤10 μm and O3 and postnatal exposure to NO2 were negatively associated with child development. Traffic-related land-use types, gas stations, and power generation areas around participants’ homes were also adversely correlated with child development. Moreover, poor maternal mental health was associated with child development delay. Conclusion: Prenatal exposure and postnatal exposure to air pollution were associated with development delay in children under 2 years of age, specifically those under 1 year of age, even after adjustment for land-use type and maternal mental status. Living environment is critical for the development of children under 2 years of age.
KW - Air pollutants
KW - Fine motor
KW - Gross motor
KW - Language
KW - Social adaptation behaviors
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U2 - 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111168
DO - 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111168
M3 - Article
C2 - 33857463
AN - SCOPUS:85106143441
SN - 0013-9351
VL - 197
JO - Environmental Research
JF - Environmental Research
M1 - 111168
ER -
