TY - JOUR
T1 - Effect of dietary patterns on cognitive functions of older adults
T2 - A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials: Dietary Patterns on Cognition of Older Adults
AU - Chen, Kee Hsin
AU - Ho, Mu Hsing
AU - Wang, Cai Shih
AU - Chen, I. Hui
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was financially supported by grants from the Ministry of Science and Technology ( MOST 107-2314-B-038-091 ), Taiwan and Taipei Medical University ( TMU106-AE1-B25 ).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2023/7
Y1 - 2023/7
N2 - Background: Dietary patterns are associated with cognitive benefits, but inconsistent findings have been reported concerning this association. This study aims to provide a more comprehensive review and higher evidence level by evaluating evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) exploring effects of various dietary patterns on cognitive function outcomes in older adults. Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis study followed the PRISMA guidelines. Twelves search engines and databases were searched for papers published up until March 2022. Random-effects models were used to calculate effect size (ES). Results: Twenty-two RCTs met our inclusion criteria. A wide range of cognitive measures were used across the included studies. To reduce heterogeneity and to ensure a sufficient number of studies for meaningful interpretation, we utilized global cognition as the outcome measure. Only nine studies used global cognition measures, including the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale–Cognitive Subscale (ADAS-Cog), Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument (CASI), or neuropsychological test battery. Additionally, seven dietary patterns were identified in these studies. The results demonstrated that dietary patterns achieved a significant improvement on cognitive function outcomes including the MMSE/CASI (ES = 0.303; 95% CI [0.045, 0.560]), the ADAS-Cog (ES = −0.277; 95% CI [−0.515, −0.039]), and the cognitive battery (ES = 0.132; 95% CI [0.010, 0.255]). Conclusions: Multidisciplinary health-care professionals may use this information as a reference when planning elder care. More large-scale, high-quality studies are required to explore the long-term effects of healthy dietary patterns on global cognition, other cognitive domains, and life quality among older adults.
AB - Background: Dietary patterns are associated with cognitive benefits, but inconsistent findings have been reported concerning this association. This study aims to provide a more comprehensive review and higher evidence level by evaluating evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) exploring effects of various dietary patterns on cognitive function outcomes in older adults. Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis study followed the PRISMA guidelines. Twelves search engines and databases were searched for papers published up until March 2022. Random-effects models were used to calculate effect size (ES). Results: Twenty-two RCTs met our inclusion criteria. A wide range of cognitive measures were used across the included studies. To reduce heterogeneity and to ensure a sufficient number of studies for meaningful interpretation, we utilized global cognition as the outcome measure. Only nine studies used global cognition measures, including the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale–Cognitive Subscale (ADAS-Cog), Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument (CASI), or neuropsychological test battery. Additionally, seven dietary patterns were identified in these studies. The results demonstrated that dietary patterns achieved a significant improvement on cognitive function outcomes including the MMSE/CASI (ES = 0.303; 95% CI [0.045, 0.560]), the ADAS-Cog (ES = −0.277; 95% CI [−0.515, −0.039]), and the cognitive battery (ES = 0.132; 95% CI [0.010, 0.255]). Conclusions: Multidisciplinary health-care professionals may use this information as a reference when planning elder care. More large-scale, high-quality studies are required to explore the long-term effects of healthy dietary patterns on global cognition, other cognitive domains, and life quality among older adults.
KW - Aging
KW - Cognition
KW - Dietary patterns
KW - Meta-analysis
KW - Older adults
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85149067134&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85149067134&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.archger.2023.104967
DO - 10.1016/j.archger.2023.104967
M3 - Review article
C2 - 36840986
AN - SCOPUS:85149067134
SN - 0167-4943
VL - 110
JO - Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics
JF - Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics
M1 - 104967
ER -