Discoloration Improvement by Mechanically-Milled Binary Oxides as Radiopacifier for Mineral Trioxide Aggregates

Hsiu Na Lin; Ling Chi Wang; May Show Chen; Pei Jung Chang; Pin Yu Lin; Alex Fang; Chin Yi Chen; Pee Yew Lee; Chung Kwei Lin

doi:10.3390/ma15227934

Discoloration Improvement by Mechanically-Milled Binary Oxides as Radiopacifier for Mineral Trioxide Aggregates

Hsiu Na Lin, Ling Chi Wang, May Show Chen, Pei Jung Chang, Pin Yu Lin, Alex Fang, Chin Yi Chen, Pee Yew Lee, Chung Kwei Lin

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Mineral trioxide aggregates (MTA) have been widely used in endodontic treatments, but after some time, patients suffer tooth discoloration due to the use of bismuth oxide (Bi₂O₃) as a radiopacifier. Replacement of Bi₂O₃ with high energy ball-milled single (zirconia ZrO₂; hafnia, HfO₂; or tantalum pentoxide, Ta₂O₅) or binary oxide powder was attempted, and corresponding discoloration improvement was investigated in the present study. Bi₂O₃-free MTA is expected to exhibit superior discoloration. The radiopacity, diametral tensile strength, and discoloration of MTA-like cements prepared from the as-milled powder were investigated. Experimental results showed that MTA-like cements prepared using Ta₂O₅ exhibited a slightly higher radiopacity than that of HfO₂ but had a much higher radiopacity than ZrO₂. Milling treatment (30 min to 3 h) did not affect the radiopacities significantly. These MTA-like cements exhibited superior color stability (all measured ΔE₀₀ < 1.0) without any perceptible differences after UV irradiation. MTA-like cements prepared using ZrO₂ exhibited the best color stability but the lowest radiopacity, which can be improved by introducing binary oxide. Among the investigated samples, MTA-like cement using (ZrO₂)₅₀(Ta₂O₅)₅₀ exhibited excellent color stability and the best overall performance with a radiopacity of 3.25 mmAl and a diametral tensile strength of 4.39 MPa.

Original language	English
Article number	7934
Journal	Materials
Volume	15
Issue number	22
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15227934
Publication status	Published - Nov 2022

Keywords

binary oxide
discoloration
hafnia
mechanical milling
mineral trioxide aggregates
radiopacifier
radiopacity
tantalum pentoxide
zirconia

ASJC Scopus subject areas

General Materials Science
Condensed Matter Physics

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10.3390/ma15227934

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@article{32eaba941d0a4541b5b04cbcc645df78,

title = "Discoloration Improvement by Mechanically-Milled Binary Oxides as Radiopacifier for Mineral Trioxide Aggregates",

abstract = "Mineral trioxide aggregates (MTA) have been widely used in endodontic treatments, but after some time, patients suffer tooth discoloration due to the use of bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) as a radiopacifier. Replacement of Bi2O3 with high energy ball-milled single (zirconia ZrO2; hafnia, HfO2; or tantalum pentoxide, Ta2O5) or binary oxide powder was attempted, and corresponding discoloration improvement was investigated in the present study. Bi2O3-free MTA is expected to exhibit superior discoloration. The radiopacity, diametral tensile strength, and discoloration of MTA-like cements prepared from the as-milled powder were investigated. Experimental results showed that MTA-like cements prepared using Ta2O5 exhibited a slightly higher radiopacity than that of HfO2 but had a much higher radiopacity than ZrO2. Milling treatment (30 min to 3 h) did not affect the radiopacities significantly. These MTA-like cements exhibited superior color stability (all measured ΔE00 < 1.0) without any perceptible differences after UV irradiation. MTA-like cements prepared using ZrO2 exhibited the best color stability but the lowest radiopacity, which can be improved by introducing binary oxide. Among the investigated samples, MTA-like cement using (ZrO2)50(Ta2O5)50 exhibited excellent color stability and the best overall performance with a radiopacity of 3.25 mmAl and a diametral tensile strength of 4.39 MPa.",

keywords = "binary oxide, discoloration, hafnia, mechanical milling, mineral trioxide aggregates, radiopacifier, radiopacity, tantalum pentoxide, zirconia",

author = "Lin, {Hsiu Na} and Wang, {Ling Chi} and Chen, {May Show} and Chang, {Pei Jung} and Lin, {Pin Yu} and Alex Fang and Chen, {Chin Yi} and Lee, {Pee Yew} and Lin, {Chung Kwei}",

note = "Funding Information: This study was supported by Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, CMRPG3L1041, and partially supported by Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, MOST 107-2622-E-038 -002 -CC3. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 by the authors.",

year = "2022",

month = nov,

doi = "10.3390/ma15227934",

language = "English",

volume = "15",

journal = "Materials",

issn = "1996-1944",

publisher = "Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)",

number = "22",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Discoloration Improvement by Mechanically-Milled Binary Oxides as Radiopacifier for Mineral Trioxide Aggregates

AU - Lin, Hsiu Na

AU - Wang, Ling Chi

AU - Chen, May Show

AU - Chang, Pei Jung

AU - Lin, Pin Yu

AU - Fang, Alex

AU - Chen, Chin Yi

AU - Lee, Pee Yew

AU - Lin, Chung Kwei

N1 - Funding Information: This study was supported by Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, CMRPG3L1041, and partially supported by Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, MOST 107-2622-E-038 -002 -CC3. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 by the authors.

PY - 2022/11

Y1 - 2022/11

N2 - Mineral trioxide aggregates (MTA) have been widely used in endodontic treatments, but after some time, patients suffer tooth discoloration due to the use of bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) as a radiopacifier. Replacement of Bi2O3 with high energy ball-milled single (zirconia ZrO2; hafnia, HfO2; or tantalum pentoxide, Ta2O5) or binary oxide powder was attempted, and corresponding discoloration improvement was investigated in the present study. Bi2O3-free MTA is expected to exhibit superior discoloration. The radiopacity, diametral tensile strength, and discoloration of MTA-like cements prepared from the as-milled powder were investigated. Experimental results showed that MTA-like cements prepared using Ta2O5 exhibited a slightly higher radiopacity than that of HfO2 but had a much higher radiopacity than ZrO2. Milling treatment (30 min to 3 h) did not affect the radiopacities significantly. These MTA-like cements exhibited superior color stability (all measured ΔE00 < 1.0) without any perceptible differences after UV irradiation. MTA-like cements prepared using ZrO2 exhibited the best color stability but the lowest radiopacity, which can be improved by introducing binary oxide. Among the investigated samples, MTA-like cement using (ZrO2)50(Ta2O5)50 exhibited excellent color stability and the best overall performance with a radiopacity of 3.25 mmAl and a diametral tensile strength of 4.39 MPa.

AB - Mineral trioxide aggregates (MTA) have been widely used in endodontic treatments, but after some time, patients suffer tooth discoloration due to the use of bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) as a radiopacifier. Replacement of Bi2O3 with high energy ball-milled single (zirconia ZrO2; hafnia, HfO2; or tantalum pentoxide, Ta2O5) or binary oxide powder was attempted, and corresponding discoloration improvement was investigated in the present study. Bi2O3-free MTA is expected to exhibit superior discoloration. The radiopacity, diametral tensile strength, and discoloration of MTA-like cements prepared from the as-milled powder were investigated. Experimental results showed that MTA-like cements prepared using Ta2O5 exhibited a slightly higher radiopacity than that of HfO2 but had a much higher radiopacity than ZrO2. Milling treatment (30 min to 3 h) did not affect the radiopacities significantly. These MTA-like cements exhibited superior color stability (all measured ΔE00 < 1.0) without any perceptible differences after UV irradiation. MTA-like cements prepared using ZrO2 exhibited the best color stability but the lowest radiopacity, which can be improved by introducing binary oxide. Among the investigated samples, MTA-like cement using (ZrO2)50(Ta2O5)50 exhibited excellent color stability and the best overall performance with a radiopacity of 3.25 mmAl and a diametral tensile strength of 4.39 MPa.

KW - binary oxide

KW - discoloration

KW - hafnia

KW - mechanical milling

KW - mineral trioxide aggregates

KW - radiopacifier

KW - radiopacity

KW - tantalum pentoxide

KW - zirconia

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U2 - 10.3390/ma15227934

DO - 10.3390/ma15227934

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85142746570

SN - 1996-1944

VL - 15

JO - Materials

JF - Materials

IS - 22

M1 - 7934

ER -

Discoloration Improvement by Mechanically-Milled Binary Oxides as Radiopacifier for Mineral Trioxide Aggregates

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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