TY - JOUR
T1 - Chemical and biological comparisons on Evodia with two related species of different locations and conditions
AU - Ko, Han Chieh
AU - Chen, Kuo Tung
AU - Chen, Chieh Fu
AU - Su, Jin Ping
AU - Chen, Chi Ming
AU - Wang, Guei Jane
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was supported, in part, by grants to G.J.W. from the National Science Council of the Republic of China (NSC 93-2320-B-077-008, NSC 94-2320-B-077-003) and National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine (95-DBCMR-04). The authors would like to thank Edward & Tiffany Sun for proofreading and editing the manuscript, and Dr. Nai-Kuei Huang for helpful discussions concerning the statistical analysis. The paper is also in memory of the late Professor Peter K.T. Pang. He had passed away in a car accident in Mainland China on 9 May 2005 and his valuable suggestions in the preparation of this manuscript were much appreciated.
PY - 2006/11/24
Y1 - 2006/11/24
N2 - Evodia rutaecarpa (ER) and Tetradium glabrifolium (TG) are closely related species collected from different locations, with processed versus unprocessed and fresh versus 1-year-old samples. The purpose of this study is to determine the variability of their bioactive constituents; evodiamine, dehydroevodiamine, rutaecarpine and synephrine-as well as their relaxing effects on an isolated rat aortas and uterus using the extracts of the test specimens. The vasorelaxation was greater in ER from Taiwan than from China in spite of lower levels of the relaxing alkaloids evodiamine, dehydroevodiamine and rutaecarpine. On the other hand, the uterine relaxation of ER from China was better than the one from Taiwan, even though constricting synephrine was only contained in Chinese ER. After processing, the relaxation of ER from China in the uterus was increased while the vasorelaxation remained unchanged. Conversely, TG from Wu-ling contained more relaxing alkaloids than that from Lee Mountain. However, the relaxation in both the uterus and the aorta was less in TG from Wu-ling. After 1 year of storage, the vasorelaxation of TG from Lee Mountain was not changed. Taken together, a significant finding in the present study is the lack of correction between chemical composition and relaxing activities. This strongly supports our assumption that biological function evaluations, instead of chemical standardization, is the more adequate way of showing meaningful consistency of natural preparations.
AB - Evodia rutaecarpa (ER) and Tetradium glabrifolium (TG) are closely related species collected from different locations, with processed versus unprocessed and fresh versus 1-year-old samples. The purpose of this study is to determine the variability of their bioactive constituents; evodiamine, dehydroevodiamine, rutaecarpine and synephrine-as well as their relaxing effects on an isolated rat aortas and uterus using the extracts of the test specimens. The vasorelaxation was greater in ER from Taiwan than from China in spite of lower levels of the relaxing alkaloids evodiamine, dehydroevodiamine and rutaecarpine. On the other hand, the uterine relaxation of ER from China was better than the one from Taiwan, even though constricting synephrine was only contained in Chinese ER. After processing, the relaxation of ER from China in the uterus was increased while the vasorelaxation remained unchanged. Conversely, TG from Wu-ling contained more relaxing alkaloids than that from Lee Mountain. However, the relaxation in both the uterus and the aorta was less in TG from Wu-ling. After 1 year of storage, the vasorelaxation of TG from Lee Mountain was not changed. Taken together, a significant finding in the present study is the lack of correction between chemical composition and relaxing activities. This strongly supports our assumption that biological function evaluations, instead of chemical standardization, is the more adequate way of showing meaningful consistency of natural preparations.
KW - Chemical composition
KW - Evodia rutaecarpa
KW - Relaxing activity
KW - Tetradium glabrifolium
KW - Variability
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jep.2006.05.020
DO - 10.1016/j.jep.2006.05.020
M3 - Article
C2 - 16824714
AN - SCOPUS:33750287153
SN - 0378-8741
VL - 108
SP - 257
EP - 263
JO - Journal of Ethnopharmacology
JF - Journal of Ethnopharmacology
IS - 2
ER -