A Simple, Safe, and Efficient Way to Treat Severe Fluoride Poisoning - Oral Calcium or Magnesium

Wei Fong Kao; Jou Fang Deng; Shu Chiung Chiang; Kennon Heard; David H.T. Yen; Mei Chun Lu; Benjamin Ing Tiau Kuo; Chien Chun Kuo; Tsung Yun Liu; Chen Hsen Lee

doi:10.1081/CLT-120028742

A Simple, Safe, and Efficient Way to Treat Severe Fluoride Poisoning - Oral Calcium or Magnesium

Wei Fong Kao, Jou Fang Deng, Shu Chiung Chiang, Kennon Heard, David H.T. Yen, Mei Chun Lu, Benjamin Ing Tiau Kuo, Chien Chun Kuo, Tsung Yun Liu, Chen Hsen Lee

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

12 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Purpose: To examine the efficacy and safety of administration of calcium and magnesium orally and intraperitoneally to treat severe sodium fluoride intoxication. Materials and Methods: Mice were initially gavaged a lethal dose of sodium fluoride (NaF) or water. Then, mice were treated with water or varying concentrations of calcium chloride (CaCl₂) or magnesium sulfate (MgSO₄) via intraperitoneal (IP) route or via oral route. Mice were monitored for 24h, and the time of death was recorded. Results: IP injections of large amounts of CaCl₂ or MgSO₄ were dangerous. All mice gavaged with water and then treated with oral CaCl ₂ or MgSO₄ survived and displayed normal activity during the experiment. The survival rate of mice gavaged with a lethal dose of NaF and then treated with a high dose of oral CaCl₂ or MgSO₄ was significantly higher than those of using low dose. Conclusion: Oral administration of a high dose of CaCl₂ or MgSO₄ is a simple, safe, and effective adjunctive method for treating severe oral fluoride poisoning.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	33-40
Number of pages	8
Journal	Journal of Toxicology - Clinical Toxicology
Volume	42
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1081/CLT-120028742
Publication status	Published - 2004
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

Calcium
Fluoride
Magnesium
Poisoning

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Toxicology
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis

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10.1081/CLT-120028742

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title = "A Simple, Safe, and Efficient Way to Treat Severe Fluoride Poisoning - Oral Calcium or Magnesium",

abstract = "Purpose: To examine the efficacy and safety of administration of calcium and magnesium orally and intraperitoneally to treat severe sodium fluoride intoxication. Materials and Methods: Mice were initially gavaged a lethal dose of sodium fluoride (NaF) or water. Then, mice were treated with water or varying concentrations of calcium chloride (CaCl2) or magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) via intraperitoneal (IP) route or via oral route. Mice were monitored for 24h, and the time of death was recorded. Results: IP injections of large amounts of CaCl2 or MgSO4 were dangerous. All mice gavaged with water and then treated with oral CaCl 2 or MgSO4 survived and displayed normal activity during the experiment. The survival rate of mice gavaged with a lethal dose of NaF and then treated with a high dose of oral CaCl2 or MgSO4 was significantly higher than those of using low dose. Conclusion: Oral administration of a high dose of CaCl2 or MgSO4 is a simple, safe, and effective adjunctive method for treating severe oral fluoride poisoning.",

keywords = "Calcium, Fluoride, Magnesium, Poisoning",

author = "Kao, {Wei Fong} and Deng, {Jou Fang} and Chiang, {Shu Chiung} and Kennon Heard and Yen, {David H.T.} and Lu, {Mei Chun} and Kuo, {Benjamin Ing Tiau} and Kuo, {Chien Chun} and Liu, {Tsung Yun} and Lee, {Chen Hsen}",

year = "2004",

doi = "10.1081/CLT-120028742",

language = "English",

volume = "42",

pages = "33--40",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - A Simple, Safe, and Efficient Way to Treat Severe Fluoride Poisoning - Oral Calcium or Magnesium

AU - Kao, Wei Fong

AU - Deng, Jou Fang

AU - Chiang, Shu Chiung

AU - Heard, Kennon

AU - Yen, David H.T.

AU - Lu, Mei Chun

AU - Kuo, Benjamin Ing Tiau

AU - Kuo, Chien Chun

AU - Liu, Tsung Yun

AU - Lee, Chen Hsen

PY - 2004

Y1 - 2004

N2 - Purpose: To examine the efficacy and safety of administration of calcium and magnesium orally and intraperitoneally to treat severe sodium fluoride intoxication. Materials and Methods: Mice were initially gavaged a lethal dose of sodium fluoride (NaF) or water. Then, mice were treated with water or varying concentrations of calcium chloride (CaCl2) or magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) via intraperitoneal (IP) route or via oral route. Mice were monitored for 24h, and the time of death was recorded. Results: IP injections of large amounts of CaCl2 or MgSO4 were dangerous. All mice gavaged with water and then treated with oral CaCl 2 or MgSO4 survived and displayed normal activity during the experiment. The survival rate of mice gavaged with a lethal dose of NaF and then treated with a high dose of oral CaCl2 or MgSO4 was significantly higher than those of using low dose. Conclusion: Oral administration of a high dose of CaCl2 or MgSO4 is a simple, safe, and effective adjunctive method for treating severe oral fluoride poisoning.

AB - Purpose: To examine the efficacy and safety of administration of calcium and magnesium orally and intraperitoneally to treat severe sodium fluoride intoxication. Materials and Methods: Mice were initially gavaged a lethal dose of sodium fluoride (NaF) or water. Then, mice were treated with water or varying concentrations of calcium chloride (CaCl2) or magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) via intraperitoneal (IP) route or via oral route. Mice were monitored for 24h, and the time of death was recorded. Results: IP injections of large amounts of CaCl2 or MgSO4 were dangerous. All mice gavaged with water and then treated with oral CaCl 2 or MgSO4 survived and displayed normal activity during the experiment. The survival rate of mice gavaged with a lethal dose of NaF and then treated with a high dose of oral CaCl2 or MgSO4 was significantly higher than those of using low dose. Conclusion: Oral administration of a high dose of CaCl2 or MgSO4 is a simple, safe, and effective adjunctive method for treating severe oral fluoride poisoning.

KW - Calcium

KW - Fluoride

KW - Magnesium

KW - Poisoning

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A Simple, Safe, and Efficient Way to Treat Severe Fluoride Poisoning - Oral Calcium or Magnesium

Abstract

Keywords

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