@article{520e20cd89fd4cc3b5a739bc2195eb7a,
title = "A mechanistic study on urine retention in D-amphetamine addicts",
abstract = "Chronic amphetamine intake leads to neurogenic bladder and chronic urinary retention. The mechanism underlying persistent urinary retention is unclear. The pelvic-urethral reflex (PUR) is essential for the urethra to develop sufficient resistance to maintain urine continence, an important function of the urinary system. Recent studies on PUR activities have indicated that repetitive/tetanic stimulation of the pelvic afferent fibers induces spinal reflex potentiation (SRP) in PUR activities, which further increases urinary retention. In this study, results showed that test stimulation (TS, 1/30 Hz) evoked a baseline reflex activity, while repetitive stimulation (RS, 1 Hz) induced reflex potentiation in the external urethral sphincter. Intrathecal d-amphetamine (AMPH, 30 μM) did not but higher AMPH concentration (100 μM) induced SRP in TS-induced reflex activity. H89 (10 μM, a protein kinase A inhibitor), but not chelerythrine chloride (CTC, 10 μM, a protein kinase C inhibitor), prevented the 100 μM AMPH-elicited SRP. At 30 μM, forskolin, an activator of adenylyl cyclase, elicited SRP. The co-administration of 10 μM forskolin and 30 μM AMPH induced SRP in TS-induced reflex activity. These results implied that the repetitive/tetanic stimulation of the pelvic afferent fibers could induce SRP in PUR activities, so that the urethra can produce sufficient resistance and played a significant role in urinary retention. Findings in this study demonstrated that amphetamine could induce bladder dysfunction by triggering protein kinase A activation, and provide a practical basis for the development of treatment for amphetamine-associated urinary retention. {\textcopyright} 2014 by The Chinese Physiological Society and Airiti Press Inc.",
keywords = "D-amphetamine, Micturition, Pelvic afferent nerve, Pelvic-urethra reflex, Reflex plasticity, Spinal reflex potentiation, cyclic AMP dependent protein kinase, dexamphetamine, forskolin, n [2 (4 bromocinnamylamino)ethyl] 5 isoquinolinesulfonamide, 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane), 2-amino-5-phosphopentanoic acid, 6 cyano 7 nitro 2,3 quinoxalinedione, amidine, amino acid receptor stimulating agent, benzophenanthridine derivative, central stimulant agent, chelerythrine, glutamic acid, isoquinoline derivative, n methylaspartic acid, N-(2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl)-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide, oxidizing agent, protein kinase inhibitor, sulfonamide, valine, addiction, animal experiment, animal model, Article, bladder sphincter, controlled study, disease association, enzyme activation, evoked response, female, nonhuman, rat, spinal reflex, stimulus response, urine retention, analogs and derivatives, animal, chemically induced, chronic disease, complication, drug abuse, drug effects, micturition, pathophysiology, physiology, reflex, sensory nerve, spinal cord, Wistar rat, 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione, Afferent Pathways, Amidines, Amphetamine-Related Disorders, Animals, Benzophenanthridines, Central Nervous System Stimulants, Chronic Disease, Colforsin, Dextroamphetamine, Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists, Female, Glutamic Acid, Isoquinolines, N-Methylaspartate, Oxidants, Protein Kinase Inhibitors, Rats, Wistar, Reflex, Spinal Cord, Sulfonamides, Urinary Retention, Urination, Valine",
author = "Hui-Fang Chiu and Jen-Kun Cheng and Pu-Hua Lin and Jung-Chen Chang and Chen, {I. Ming} and Lin, {Ching I.} and Chang, {Wei Pin} and Chia-Hsien Lin",
note = "Export Date: 25 March 2016 CODEN: CJPHD 通訊地址: Lin, C.-H.; Department of Health Industry Management, Kainan University, No. 1 Kainan Rd. Luzhu Shiang, Taiwan 化學物質/CAS: cyclic AMP dependent protein kinase; dexamphetamine, 1462-73-3, 51-63-8, 51-64-9; forskolin, 66575-29-9; n [2 (4 bromocinnamylamino)ethyl] 5 isoquinolinesulfonamide, 127243-85-0; 6 cyano 7 nitro 2,3 quinoxalinedione, 115066-14-3; chelerythrine, 34316-15-9; glutamic acid, 11070-68-1, 138-15-8, 56-86-0, 6899-05-4; valine, 7004-03-7, 72-18-4; 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane); 2-amino-5-phosphopentanoic acid; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amidines; Benzophenanthridines; Central Nervous System Stimulants; chelerythrine; Colforsin; Dextroamphetamine; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Isoquinolines; N-(2-(4-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl)-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide; N-Methylaspartate; Oxidants; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Sulfonamides; Valine 參考文獻: Arnold, L.E., Kirilcuk, V., Corson, S.A., Corson, E.O.L., Levoamphetamine and dextroamphetamine: Differential effect on aggression and hyperkinesis in children and dogs (1973) Am. J. 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year = "2014",
doi = "10.4077/CJP.2014.BAC198",
language = "English",
volume = "57",
pages = "171--181",
journal = "Chinese Journal of Physiology",
issn = "0304-4920",
publisher = "Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications",
number = "4",
}
