臺灣長者血清維生素 D 濃度與心血管代謝危險因子之關係：性別差異

Objective: We aimed to investigate the gender-stratified association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and cardiometabolic risk among older Taiwanese. Methods: A total of 534 men and 505 women aged 65 years were recruited from the representative Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan 2013-2016. Dietary intake and sunlight exposure data were collected through face-to-face interviews. Serum 25(OH)D was assayed by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay and classified into deficient (<20 ng/mL), insufficient (20-<30 ng/mL), and sufficient (30 ng/mL). The metabolic syndrome (MetS) and biochemical markers were evaluated through physical examination and with reference to Health Promotion Administration criteria. Results: Some 3.7% and 15.8% of men and women, respectively, had deficient vitamin D concentrations, and 22.3% and 36.8%, respectively, had insufficient vitamin D concentrations. The individuals with a lower serum 25(OH)D were more likely to report a lower frequency of fish intake. After confounders were adjusted, men with sufficient serum 25(OH)D concentrations were revealed to have a lower risk of the MetS (odds ratio (OR)= 0.22, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.06-0.77), overweight/obesity (OR=0.26, 95% CI=0.08-0.82), and abnormal waist circumference (OR=0.14, 95% CI=0.04-0.50), relative to individuals with deficient serum 25(OH)D. Women with sufficient 25(OH)D had a lower risk of abnormal high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (OR=0.25, 95% CI=0.11-0.57). Conclusions: Serum 25(OH)D is inversely associated with the MetS and obesity indicators in men and with abnormal HDL-C in women.