系統性回顧及統合分析研究低蛋白飲食對慢性腎病者之腸道菌叢影響

Systematic review of low protein diet on microbiome-host interaction in patients with chronic kidney disease remains unclear. We searched articles until July 2021 and 5 articles met inclusion criteria. The meta-analyses of gut microbiota exhibited enrichments of Lactobacillaceae (meta-p = 0.010), Bacteroidaceae (meta-p = 0.048) and Streptococcus anginosus (meta-p < 0.001), but revealed depletion of Bacteroides eggerthii (p = 0.017) and Roseburia faecis (meta-p = 0.019) in patients with low protein diet compared to patients undergoing normal protein diet. We did not find significant differences on renal function and uremic toxin associated with change of microbiota between groups. The effects of low protein diet on the microbiota were observed predominantly at the families and species levels but minimal on microbial diversity or richness. In the absence of global compositional microbiota shifts, the species-level changes appear insufficient to alter metabolic or clinical outputs.