橄欖球選手短期停止訓練前後之飲食分析

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate dietary pattern of rugby players before and after short term detraining (STD). Method: Twenty-five college rugby players were recruited as subjects (12 forwards, 20.5±0.3 yr; 13 backs, 19.8±0.5 yr). Dietary pattern by 3-day 24 hr dietary record, food consumption frequency questionnaire and eating fat questionnaire (Fat score, FS) were performed before and after STD. We calculated macronutrients, minerals, vitamins and meals pattern from 24 hr dietary record. High cholesterol, high fat, high sugar drinking and fruit intake behavior been calculated form food consumption questionnaire. Result: The results showed that: (1) Calories, fat, protein and carbohydrate consumption were not enough for rugby players requirement. (2) The consumption was too much on high sugar drinks (3-4 times/day), however, fruit intake was not enough (2-3 times/week). (3) Backs had lower calories, protein and carbohydrate consumption than forwards after STD.(4) After STD, calories, protein, cholesterol, vitamin B1 and vitamin B2 significantly decreased STD in backs.(5) There were 47-67% of regular breakfast pattern and 70% of lunch pattern. Regular meal pattern decreased 10% after STD. Conclusion: It was necessary to teach rugby players how to increase carbohydrate and fruit intake during competition, and also teach them how to decrease high fat food. In detraining period, it was important to maintain regular dietary pattern and to decrease high sugar drinks for reducing the chance of impair insulin sensitivity.