接受機構式照顧之智能障礙者體適能狀況與相關因素分析

Background: People with intellectual disability (ID) in unhealthy status whose physical fitness were worse than the general population and they often suffered from high risks of cardiovascular diseases. Thus they needed more and comprehensive long-term health care services. Objective: There were few literatures or studies of physical fitness on people with ID whom caring in disability welfare institutions. This study aimed to understand that people with ID’s life style, physical activity, fitness, which associated factors were concerned. Methods: It was a cross-sectional study, which was using a structured questionnaire. Subjects with ID were recruited via method of purposive sampling from a welfare institution of Northern Taiwan was selected. The 152 valid data collected which was analyzed by SPSS 20.0. Results: Based on results from a multiple logistic regression analysis, those people with ID who needed more physical activity, the more likely to be the cases with abnormal body mass index. The older group had poor performance on sit-ups, those women with ID were better than ID men on soft tissue performance. One odd finding is that those ID cases with poor physical condition had nice cardio-respiratory fitness performance than their counterparts. Conclusion: The physical fitness index should evaluate their appropriateness toward people with ID. This study found that people with ID caring in institution tend to be poor physical fitness, particular in those who needed more physical activities and older age. Motivation may affect their cardio-respiratory fitness performance. We highlights that the institutional workers should enforce the physical activities for people with ID, to improve their health.