The Differential Analyses of Kidney Proteins and Uninary D-Lactate Concentration in Mice Nephritis

The elevation of serum D-lactate was observed in some human diseases such as diabetes mellitus, acidosis, and encephalopathy. In diabetic rats, D-lactate concentrations showed a rising tendency from the 7th day and significant kidney hypertrophy was observed at this moment, suggesting that urinary D-lactate may be used as an indicator to determine the diabetic stage and the level of kidney damage. For investigating the relationship between D-lactate and nephritis, we established one mice model of glomerulonephritis and another one of tubulointerstitial nephritis. In the first year, the urine of experimental animals will be collected using metabolic cage once a week for 12 h. Then the concentrations of D-lactate and microalbumin which is an early clinical marker of nephritis will be determined and compared. And the renal tissues will be served to histological examination (PAS) to reveal the state of nephropathy and also be immunostained with anti-lactate transporters antibodies and anti-D-lactate antibody, respectively. The expression level of lactate transporters will also be performed. In the second year, we will treat the mice with Bupleuri Radix, ACE inhibitor or ARB then investigate the relations between urinary D-lactate, microalbumin, and lactate transporters. And in the third year, we will study the renal proteomics with LC-MS/MS for understanding the proteins associated with the biosynthesis and metabolism of D-lactate. After clarifying the relations among urinary D-lactate, microalbumin concentration, the state of nephropathy and the expression of lactate transporters, the diagnosis of renal dysfunction in early stage will be possible.