Study the Bacteria Species of Pneumonia and Early Detect the Pathogen from Expired Gas by Electronic Nose

Pneumonia is the most cause of mortality in intensive care unit. Over the past years, the interpretation has been difficult due to poor quality of chest X-ray or combined with different etiology, such as pulmonary edema. Usually, we treat the patient with antibiotics by the reports from sputum culture. Sometimes it is still not reliable for the specimen will be contaminated during the procedure of suction from the endotracheal tube. Even the report of specimen culture is right, we must spend several days on waiting 3 days or one week. We overcame the difficulties; we developed a simple technique for collecting samples in disposable sterile plastic sacks with a tight closing seal. We got the air and sputum via the special device from the endetracheal tube of intubated patient with ventilator. The pneumonia patient was diagnosed by chest medicine physician. The sputum was sent to laboratory for culture, both aerobic and anaerobic. We analyzed the air by electronic noses, including simultaneously aspirated air and cultured sputum disk air. The electronic noses that can detect production profiles of volatile compounds from microbial infections in lung. Such qualitative and quantitative approaches could have a significant role in the early diagnosis and detection of microbial diseases. Using artificial intelligence and web-based knowledge systems, electronic noses might also have a valuable role in monitoring disease epidemiology. We believe that the use of methodologies combined with conventional clinical experience, microorganisms’ examinations, chest X-ray, vital signs, blood biochemistry including white blood cell and C-reaction protein, and electronic nose may improve the diagnosis of pneumonia and other infectious diseases. The past years, we proved that the e-nose can make early diagnosis of pneumonia in ventilated patients. This time, we should aspire the gas from expired circuit to analysis the Microorganisms by GC-Mass. Then, we try to find the true pathogens by e-nose from expired circuit.