Emerging Applications of Characteristics and Mechanisms of Stimuli-Responsive Shape Memory Composite on 4d Printing

In the times of industrial 4.0 and health 4.0, the people want to enhance the ability of science and technology, for the current focus of the parties expect. 3D printing technology has been introduced for more than 40 years, initially known as rapid prototyping or laminated manufacturing, its main laser sintering, laser light curing, laser paper folding, extrusion molding, etc., which can quickly and accurately produce the finished product. However, in the intelligent, green energy, biomedicine today, the traditional 3D printing technology has been unable to meet our needs, so 4D print out of it. In 2013, Tibbits first proposed a new combination of material with a 3D printer, creating a linear object, the object into the water, can change the shape, and finally he defined the 3D print with time, that is 4D Printing. The 4D printing is defined to print out the changes over time with the object. Shape memory materials, such as shape memory polymers, shape memory metals, shape memory ceramics and shape memory composites; have been developed for 30 years under different stimuli effect (water, light, heat, electricity, magnetism, pH, etc.) that the shape memory materials can change their shape. So to shape memory materials with 4D print, people can create a 4D print on the next spring.In this project, shape memory materials with 3D printing technology to create 4D product. The project is expected to use polylactic acid (PLA) as the matrix, the mixture of paper or graphene, then uses of 3D printing in fused deposition modeling (FDM) to create a 4D product, and the external heat source to change the shape of 4D product, so we can develop the 4D printing technology. This project we explores that the 4D products are deformed at different heat source strengths (temperatures) and to restore its prototype when the heat source is not working.The authors discuss the charactertics and mechanisms of 4D product, and finally to culture MG63 osteoblast cells and hMSC cells in 4D product to study their biocompatibility.